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Thematic studies

Peace and conflict

IB Global Politics Syllabus

SL & HL

The Peace and Conflict thematic study examines why conflicts emerge, how violence is justified, how peace can be established, and how political actors attempt to resolve or transform conflicts .

You will examine:

The syllabus also introduces different perspectives on peace, including peace as a balance of power, perspectives from different political traditions and religions, feminist approaches to peace, and alternatives such as pacifism .

You will investigate:

Possible interventions and international responses include weapon embargoes, financial freezes, trade limitations, NATO involvement, UN peace enforcement, and election observers .

You will study:

Potential causes of conflict include:

The guide also identifies analytical tools such as Galtung's conflict triangles, positions-interests-needs (PIN), and conflict cycles . Peace processes can include negotiations, treaties, mediation, arbitration, ceasefires, truces, military victories, imposed settlements, truth and reconciliation commissions, courts, forgiveness, and empathy .

You will consider:

Key takeaway – Peace and Conflict is about understanding why conflicts occur, how violence and resistance are justified, how different actors respond to conflict, and whether particular approaches can create lasting peace.

Syllabus concepts to know
  • Peace, including positive • meanings and negative
  • Conflict, including latent and overt
  • Violence, including direct, structural and cultural
  • Non-violence
  • Parties to conflict
  • Violent and non-violent
  • Third parties, including mediation processes, negotiation processes and interventions
  • Marginalized, vulnerable and most affected groups and individuals, including non- combatants
  • Conflict dynamics
  • Types of conflict: inte intra-, non- and extra- state conflicts
  • Peacemaking, including negotiations and treati
  • Peacekeeping
  • Peacebuilding, includin reconciliation processe and justice institution
  • Justifications of viole and conflict in conflict, including cultural, legal and religious justification
  • Legitimacy of non- violent and violent protests
  • Effectiveness of peacebuilding efforts
  • learn about the local manifestations of a glob
  • engage with primary and secondary sources
  • explore the dynamics and consequences of decis
  • Exploratory research
  • Identification of a political issue
  • Planning and undertaking engagement activities
  • Doing complementary research
  • Writing the report
  • the engagement allows students to experience the participatory way
  • the chosen political issue affects a community or stake and experiences, e.g. the beach clean-up is student’s own locality
  • the engagement involves contact with others who a political issue.
  • Attenda impact the representation of women in intervi
  • Campaig candida
  • Attenda member politic
  • Partici governm
  • Prepara strategies employed by NGOs in of wome
  • Intervi compared with the legitimacy and work effectiveness of an outside military intervention?
  • Three-w on the local and national development country
  • Intervi stakeho
  • Discuss
  • Partici of international law when applied to interna
  • Observa for war crimes and crimes against
  • Prepara humanity? the rol
  • Investi influence where the products we need from a in daily life come from and how they sourced
  • Intervi farmer NGO wor
  • compare the results of the student’s campaign wit
  • read up on what political factors might explain t society in question
  • study the effectiveness (or lack thereof) of citi collective “goods” like clean beaches.
  • Acknowledgements
  • Contents page
  • Tables of statistical data
  • Diagrams or figures
  • Equations, formulas and calculations
  • Citations (which, if used, must be in the body of
  • References (which, if used, must be in the footno
  • Bibliography
  • Appendices
  • With the teacher’s support, students must choose
  • The teacher should also guide students regarding in preparation for the engagement activities and
  • Students and teachers must exercise judgement on from one location to another.
  • Any data collected must be kept in a confidential other person.
  • Any activity that involves deception, involuntary inappropriate use of information and communicatio be avoided.
  • Students must avoid conducting research with any independently.
  • Any activity that creates anxiety, stress, pain o
  • Using family members or relatives as a source in should choose to do so, this must be declared.
  • Teachers and students should exercise sensitivity
  • Students must not falsify or invent data.
  • A student participating in a Model United Nations element—such as discussing various political disc engagement activities
  • The student could then identify other elements of school delegation—for CAS.
  • as part of their global politics engagement proje empowering youth, and canvassing youth support fo
  • for CAS, document their participation in actual a

Study & practice Peace and conflict

Practice Peace and conflict in Question Bank

IB exam-style questions, with mark schemes and explanations, for all papers.

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Read Notes for Peace and conflict

Detailed notes written by examiners, strictly aligned with the syllabus.

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Review Peace and conflict Flashcards

Active recall practice for key concepts and definitions.

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