Other

Starting your Group 4 Project but feeling stuck for ideas? You’re in the right place! In this post, we’ll share creative and inspiring Group 4 Project ideas to help you get started.&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">&nbsp;</h2><h2 style="text-align:center;">IB Group 4 Project Examples + Ideas</h2><h3>&nbsp;</h3>&nbsp;<h3>Example 1: Water Quality and Its Effects on Ecosystems&nbsp;</h3>&nbsp;Research question/topic: Does water quality (pH, nutrients, oxygen) affect the variety of small animals living in streams or ponds?&nbsp;&nbsp;Responsibilities:<ul><li>Biology: Identify and count small aquatic animals (insects, snails, etc.).&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry: Test water for pH, nitrates, phosphates, and dissolved oxygen.&nbsp;</li><li>Physics: Measure temperature, water clarity (turbidity), and water flow speed.&nbsp;</li></ul>&nbsp;What you need: Kick net or kitchen sieve, trays, spoons/tweezers, magnifying glass or microscope, identification guide, water test kits (pH, nitrate, phosphate, oxygen), thermometer, stopwatch, floating object for flow speed, turbidity tube or clear bottle.&nbsp;Steps:&nbsp;<ol><li>Pick 3–4 different sites (e.g., clean stream, pond near a road, stream by farmland).&nbsp;</li><li>At each site:&nbsp;<ol><li>Physics team: Measure water temperature, flow speed (time a floating object), and turbidity (how clear the water is).&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry team: Take water samples and test for pH, nitrates, phosphates, oxygen.&nbsp;</li><li>Biology team: Collect animals with a net, sort them, and record what you find.&nbsp;</li></ol></li><li>Compare results – do cleaner sites have more variety in animals?&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;Presentation idea: Show maps of your sites, photos of organisms, and graphs linking water quality to biodiversity. End with an “overall health score” for each site.&nbsp;<h3>&nbsp;</h3><h3>Example 2: Thermal Pollution in Freshwater&nbsp;</h3>&nbsp;Research question/topic: How does water temperature affect oxygen levels and the activity of aquatic organisms?&nbsp;Responsibilities:&nbsp;<ul><li>Biology: Observe animal activity (e.g., Daphnia heart rate, fish movement, or plant bubble production).&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry: Measure dissolved oxygen at different temperatures.&nbsp;</li><li>Physics: Measure and control water temperature, explain why oxygen changes with heat.</li></ul>&nbsp;What you need: Beakers or small tanks, thermometers, heaters/ice, oxygen probe or chemical test, stopwatch, Daphnia (from aquarium store), Elodea plants, or small fish.&nbsp;Steps:&nbsp;<ol><li>Set up water at 3–4 different temperatures (e.g., 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C).&nbsp;</li><li>At each temperature:&nbsp;<ol><li>Chemistry team: Measure oxygen levels.&nbsp;</li><li>Biology team: Measure activity (count Daphnia heartbeats for 10 seconds, or count plant bubbles).&nbsp;</li><li>Physics team: Keep temperature stable and record it accurately.&nbsp;</li></ol></li><li>Compare how oxygen levels and activity change as the water gets warmer.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;Presentation idea: A simple graph showing oxygen going down and animal activity going up with temperature. Include a short video of your experiment.&nbsp;<h3>&nbsp;</h3><h3>Example 3: UV Radiation and Microorganisms&nbsp;</h3>&nbsp;Research question/topic: How does UV light intensity or sunscreen affect the survival of microorganisms?&nbsp;&nbsp;Responsibilities:&nbsp;<ul><li>Biology: Grow yeast or safe bacteria and count colonies after UV exposure.&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry: Test how much UV passes through sunscreen or filters.&nbsp;</li><li>Physics: Measure UV intensity and calculate total exposure time.&nbsp;</li></ul>&nbsp;What you need: Petri dishes with yeast/bacteria, UV lamp or sunlight, sunscreen, clear plastic sheets, stopwatch, UV meter or app.&nbsp;&nbsp;Steps:&nbsp;<ol><li>Biology team: Spread yeast/bacteria evenly on agar plates.&nbsp;</li><li>Cover some plates with sunscreen-coated plastic, others with plain plastic, and leave some uncovered.&nbsp;</li><li>Expose to UV for different times.&nbsp;</li><li>Incubate for 1–2 days and count colonies.&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry team: Measure how much UV passes through each cover.&nbsp;</li><li>Physics team: Record UV intensity and calculate dose (intensity × time).&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;Presentation idea: Photos of plates, graphs of survival vs exposure time, and a table showing UV protection of each filter.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3>Example 4: Biodegradable Plastic Breakdown&nbsp;</h3>&nbsp;Research question/topic: Do biodegradable plastics break down faster in compost, soil, or water?&nbsp;&nbsp;Responsibilities:&nbsp;<ul><li>Biology: Observe any mold or microbial growth on the plastic.&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry: Measure pH changes in the environment around the plastic.&nbsp;</li><li>Physics: Measure weight loss of the plastic and any changes in flexibility.&nbsp;</li></ul>&nbsp;What you need: Biodegradable plastic bags or cups, scissors, compost, soil, containers of water, scale, ruler, thermometer, gloves.&nbsp;&nbsp;Steps:&nbsp;<ol><li>Cut plastic into small, equal-sized pieces and weigh them.&nbsp;</li><li>Place pieces in jars of compost, soil, or water.&nbsp;</li><li>Leave for 2–3 weeks, checking weekly:&nbsp;<ol><li>Biology team: Look for visible mold or microbial growth.&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry team: Measure pH of compost/soil/water.&nbsp;</li><li>Physics team: Weigh the plastic, bend it gently to see if it has softened.&nbsp;</li></ol></li><li>Compare which environment broke down the plastic the fastest.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;Presentation idea: Show photos of plastic before/after, a bar chart of weight loss, and a ranking of which environment was most effective.&nbsp;<h3>&nbsp;</h3><h3>Example 5: Biofuel Energy Content&nbsp;</h3>&nbsp;Research question/topic: Which fuel source – algae, used cooking oil, or vegetable oil – gives the most energy per gram?&nbsp;&nbsp;Responsibilities:&nbsp;<ul><li>Biology: Grow algae and measure how much biomass it produces.&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry: Prepare the fuel (filtering or drying) and measure density.&nbsp;</li><li>Physics: Burn a small amount under a can of water and measure temperature rise.&nbsp;</li></ul>&nbsp;What you need: Clear bottles, algae culture (optional), cooking oils, simple calorimeter (can + stand), thermometer, scale.&nbsp;&nbsp;Steps:&nbsp;<ol><li>Biology team: If using algae, grow it in bottles for a week and measure dry weight.&nbsp;</li><li>For each fuel:&nbsp;<ol><li>Chemistry team: Measure a fixed amount by weight.&nbsp;</li><li>Physics team: Burn the fuel under a can with a set amount of water, record temperature change.&nbsp;</li></ol></li><li>Calculate energy per gram using &nbsp;Q = mwater × 4.18 × ΔT.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;Presentation idea: Bar graph comparing energy per gram for each fuel. Include a short explanation of pros and cons of each source.&nbsp;<h3>&nbsp;</h3><h3>Example 6: Urban Heat Islands and Local Climate&nbsp;</h3>&nbsp;Research question/topic: How does vegetation cover affect temperature, air quality, and human comfort in different parts of the city?&nbsp;&nbsp;Responsibilities:&nbsp;<ul><li>ESS: Link land cover to microclimate and human wellbeing; urban planning implications.&nbsp;</li><li>Biology: Survey plant cover (species richness, % canopy).&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry: Measure air pollutant levels (NO₂, particulate matter using simple sensors or indicator tubes).&nbsp;</li><li>Physics: Measure air and surface temperature, humidity, and light intensity.&nbsp;</li></ul>&nbsp;Steps:<ol><li>Choose 3–4 contrasting sites (e.g., park, street with few trees, residential area, parking lot).&nbsp;</li><li>Physics team: Measure temperature and humidity at 1.5 m height, and surface temperature with an infrared thermometer.&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry team: Use air quality kits or portable sensors to measure pollutants.&nbsp;</li><li>Biology/ESS team: Record plant cover and species diversity.&nbsp;</li><li>Compare how vegetation affects temperature, pollution, and comfort levels.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;Presentation idea: Map with color-coded temperature zones, pollution graphs, and biodiversity scores — show how vegetation cools and cleans urban air.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3>Example 7: Cooling Strategies and Exercise Performance&nbsp;</h3>&nbsp;Research question/topic: How do different cooling methods affect body temperature and heart rate recovery after exercise?&nbsp;&nbsp;Responsibilities:&nbsp;<ul><li>SEHS: Study exercise physiology, thermoregulation, and performance.&nbsp;</li><li>Biology: Measure heart rate and recovery time; record sweating rate.&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry: Measure electrolyte loss from sweat (simple sodium test strips).&nbsp;</li><li>Physics: Measure temperature changes using infrared thermometers or skin temperature probes.&nbsp;</li></ul>&nbsp;Steps:&nbsp;<ol><li>Have participants do a short, safe exercise (e.g., step test or light jog).&nbsp;</li><li>Apply different cooling methods: cold water, ice towel, fan, or shade.&nbsp;</li><li>SEHS/Biology team: Measure heart rate recovery and sweating rate.&nbsp;</li><li>Chemistry team: Collect small sweat samples on filter paper; test sodium concentration.&nbsp;</li><li>Physics team: Measure skin temperature before and after cooling.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;Presentation idea: Graphs of recovery time vs cooling method, skin temperature change, and a sports science discussion of which method works best.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;We hope you found this post helpful. For more useful materials associated with the IB check out the wide variety of <a href="/ia" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">IA</a>, <a href="/ee" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">EE </a>and <a href="/tok" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">TOK </a>exemplars available at <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify </a>and other guides available on our <a href="/blog" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">blog</a>.&nbsp;

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A comprehensive list of IB Group 4 Project ideas. Read along to discover examples that you may take inspiration from for your Group 4 Project.

IB Group 4 Project Examples + Ideas

Have you got your ESS IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Do not worry, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous ESS IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track throughout your IA writing process. No matter what aspect of ESS you are interested in, the suggestions below are sure to have something that suits your needs!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Environmental impact", "Pollution &amp; waste management", "Climate change &amp; natural hazards", "Socio-economic factors", "Biodiversity"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">ESS IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/ess/67cb19ed9b4ff5f547126d90" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The effect of salinization:</a> In this topic, you could examine the impact of soil salinization on crop growth and development, highlighting its potential consequences for global food security.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/67cb1a209b4ff5f54712ca45" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Tourism and biodiversity: </a>Looking at this topic, you could investigate how unsustainable tourism affects populations of local species.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/67cb1ad99b4ff5f5471328a1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Human development and biodiversity: </a>In this exploration, you could look at how proximity to human settlements impacts biodiversity.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/67cb19b99b4ff5f547125f5c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The impact of CO₂ emissions:</a> In this topic, you could explore the extent to which CO₂ emissions have influenced variations in average temperatures in a specific region, while also taking into account the broader environmental effects.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/67cb1a6e9b4ff5f547130db4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Awareness of plastic overuse: </a>In this topic, you could explore how awareness of the harmful effects of excessive plastic use varies across different age groups, highlighting differences in knowledge, attitudes, and environmental concerns.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/67cb1aa99b4ff5f547131d89" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Impact of accessibility on waste management: </a>In this topic, you could explore how access to waste management facilities affects waste segregation and disposal practices&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/67cb1b0c9b4ff5f547133715" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effects of plastic fumes on plant growth:</a> In this topic, you could explore how fumes from different types of plastics influence the growth of plants, comparing the impacts of non-degradable and biodegradable plastics.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/67ed672215afc6c2bed229e7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Environmental awareness:</a> In this topic, you could investigate how various groups of people and societies influence the varying levels of environmental awareness.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/62c670fcb6479f0013a5092b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Disposal of medication:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate how household income influences the level of awareness, in terms of knowledge and practice, on the way people dispose of unused medication.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/62f0f3042a89a40013e70a30" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Heavy metals in soil:</a> Through this analysis, you could investigate how proximity to roads impacts the heavy metal concentrations found in soils in a country.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/62a73752e115f10013807c60" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Climate change and gender:</a> Within this topic, you could explore the extent to which gender can affect a person’s view of the existence of climate and the threat it poses to humanity.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64a6fbf6701b5600139b42f1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Environmental value systems:</a> In this exploration, you could look at how the age of a person affects their environmental value system.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/65343e153b4af19e6ca0e448" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rising sea levels:</a> Through this analysis, you could explore how rising sea levels due to climate change could affect local animal populations.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/651d7c68198b5abcc13fde68" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Water quality:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate how distance from a major tourist hotspot affects the water quality levels in nearby bodies of water.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64a7d711701b5600139b5083" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effects of urbanization:</a> In this exploration, you could look at the extent to which rapid urbanization in a city has affected pH, dissolved oxygen content, and concentration of nitrates in nearby natural lakes.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64a6dcb9701b5600139b415c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Waste generation:</a> Through this topic, you could look at the extent to which socio-economic factors affect the generation of waste in a city.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64b99c94c0741a00129deca3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Disposal of food waste:</a> Within this analysis, you could explore how the age of a person could impact the frequency and environmental impact of food waste disposal methods used.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64b445053770b40012855b9e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cattle production: </a>In this topic, you could look at the impact of cattle farming in a rainforest region and the loss of tree cover over a period of time.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64aad701f66fe20013844f20" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Water pollution:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze how the pH and hence water pollution levels change as the distance from which samples are collected gets further from urban centres.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64ad8006e3b31a00131a04ad" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Income and environmental awareness:</a> Through this topic, you could look at how different levels of income among residents of a city affect their awareness of the effects of using detergent on water pollution.&nbsp;&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64b697323770b400128614a7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Fertility rates:</a> In this exploration, you could investigate the relationship between GDP per capita and total fertility rates within a country.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64b7a5d83770b40012864f2c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Impacts of human activity:</a> Within this analysis, you could explore the impacts of the intensity of human activity and land use on plant biodiversity across different uses of land in a city.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64ac1859f66fe2001384b389" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Refugees and HDI:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate the relationship between the Human Development Index and the number of internally displaced climate refugees in a country.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64ac026ff66fe2001384b0c2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Plant growth in acid rain:</a> Through this analysis, you could explore how the pH of acid rain could affect the growth of plants, by measuring the height that the plant grows in a certain period of time when exposed to different levels of acidity.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/62f5468fbf877e00137146a8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Tobacco and seed germination:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate how the number of cigarettes in tobacco water affects the germination of tomato seeds.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/64174805e1d155001366474e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">GDP and carbon emissions:</a> Through this analysis, you could explore how a country's annual GDP can affect its carbon emission levels.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/6181f1f0a296080013457897" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dissolved oxygen content:</a> In this exploration, you can investigate how different levels of water salinity affect the dissolved oxygen content in a sample of water.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/5ff43ab574e8fd1e7ae28b2e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Intensive grazing: </a>Through this topic, you could study the effects of intensive grazing on soil productivity in a region.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/6205214c59dfc50013182e65" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Spread of diseases:</a> Within this analysis, you could look at the extent of correlation between a country's population density and the rate at which diseases spread throughout the country.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/ess/63cc5860f6d0f000120bfe38" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Level of eutrophication:</a> Looking at this topic, you could determine the most eutrophic lagoon in a country by measuring the net growth of plants irrigated with water from different eutrophic sources.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/ess" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ESS</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!

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A comprehensive list of 30 Environmental Systems and Societies ESS IA internal assessment topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own topic. 

ESS IA Topic Ideas + Examples [2026 updated]

Math AA

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A comprehensive list of 30 Math AA and Math AI Internal assessment topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and get inspired with your own topic.

Math IA topic ideas + Examples

Biology

You still can’t decide on the subject of your Biology extended essay? The syllabus allows for a variety of topics. It is best to link the essay with the subjects that you found interesting during the course. Below you can find a list of 15 topics with examples for inspiration.&nbsp;&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Human physiology &amp; health", "Plant biology", "Microbiology", "Genetics", "Ecosystem pollution"]</code></pre><h2 style="text-align:center;"> &nbsp;Biology EE ideas&nbsp;</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ee/biology/64aaf445f66fe2001384515f " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Fitness levels:</a> By choosing this investigation you would evaluate the impact of dancing various styles like Cha Cha, Viennese Waltz, and Modern Contemporary on fitness levels, measured by oxygen consumption and maximum heart rate. The choice of dance styles represents different intensities and muscle groups, aiming to understand their varying effects on aerobic respiration and overall cardiovascular health. This inquiry aims to deepen understanding of how dancing influences the body's physiological responses. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/64d3f5645cfe90001277ea52 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cone Repair technique:</a> Through this topic, you would explore the physiological intricacies of Ebstein's anomaly (a rare heart defect affecting the tricuspid valve) and the technological advancements in treating heart conditions, particularly through surgical innovations like cone repair. The cone repair technique, though promising, is still relatively novel, with research suggesting high success rates but limited application due to its novelty. Through secondary data analysis, this essay aims to evaluate the effectiveness of cone repair compared to traditional surgical methods (Valve Replacement and Maze Procedure), considering success rates, side effects, and ethical implications<span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/64a6d4ce701b5600139b4142 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Antibacterial properties of garlic:</a> The research aims to investigate the effects of garlic juice prepared in various ways on the growth of Escherichia coli. Garlic, known for its therapeutic and culinary uses, contains allicin, a compound crucial for its properties. Different preparations of garlic (fresh, raw, crushed one day prior, and fermented in brine) may alter allicin content, potentially affecting its antimicrobial efficacy. Understanding the synthesis and mechanism of action of allicin is essential, as it is primarily responsible for garlic's antimicrobial properties, diffusing across cell membranes and reacting with cysteine residues within bacterial cells. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/64a6f366701b5600139b429e " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pharmaceuticals as contaminants in aquatic plants and ecosystems:</a> The presence of pharmaceutical contaminants in waterways, originating from various sources including improper drug disposal and pharmaceutical manufacturing, poses significant risks to human health and aquatic ecosystems. These contaminants can lead to antibiotic resistance, developmental problems, and other adverse health effects in humans and wildlife.&nbsp;In this topic, you could find out how the presence of Acetaminophen (Tylenol), Polymixin B (Polysporin), and diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) in the growth medium of Cotoneaster acutifolius affects the average change in leaf length in different concentrations.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/64b306683770b400128510b4 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Thermoreception and Sleep:</a> Previous research has extensively explored the impact of sleep on neural processes, however, little investigation has been conducted on how sleep affects thermoreception, the ability to sense temperature changes. Understanding this relationship may have implications for various fields including physiology, neurobiology, sports, and public safety, potentially revealing how sleep deprivation affects activities like walking. By engaging in this topic you could research how the number of errors made by participants when attempting to distinguish between the temperature of two different water baths is influenced by the hours slept within a 24-hour period.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/64c26723f8603e0013d65d87 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Blood Pressure and Alzheimer’s Disease:</a> <span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">With an aging population globally, there's an increasing demand for additional healthcare. Alzheimer's disease severely affects both physical health and societal engagement. Investigating how cerebrovascular factors, particularly blood pressure, influence Alzheimer's development is crucial, given the brain's dependency on efficient blood circulation. Despite varying study results, understanding the relationship between blood pressure and Alzheimer's is vital for determining preventive measures and pharmaceutical effectiveness. This study aims to synthesize existing data to ascertain the extent of the association between blood pressure and Alzheimer's disease in individuals over 50 years old. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/6433763a8fef340014cd8d59 ">Monogenetic obesity: </a>Obesity has surged globally posing significant health and social challenges. Weight bias often leads to negative stereotypes and may contribute to the development of eating disorders. Additionally, obesity increases the risk of serious health conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Genetic factors, particularly deletion frameshift mutations affecting the leptin-melanocortin pathway, play a role in monogenetic obesity disorders. Understanding these genetic abnormalities could lead to improved therapeutic treatments and societal well-being. &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/64ef8076a35df3208b650cad " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Salinity Stress on Magnetoprimed Plants: </a><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">Salinity stress, caused by high salt levels in soil or water, adversely affects plant growth and productivity by disrupting physiological and morphological traits. Through this topic, you would assess the Effect of Salinity Stress (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mM NaCl) Measured Through Microscopic (Stomatal Aperture) and Morphological (Leaf Area, Leaf Dry Mass, and Root Length) Characteristics on Pre-Treated Radish seeds.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/62f42da602cd83001393847f " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Oil spillages:</a> Prompted by a 2020 oil contamination incident near the Danube River, the investigation examines the effects of oil spills on plants, focusing on Ceratophyllum demersum. The experiment aims to simulate the circumstances of the spill to observe the impact of varying oil spill durations on plant mass. Different types of oils, such as light and heavy oils, have varying toxic effects on plants, with heavy oils containing heavy metals that can penetrate plants and affect their cellular and molecular functions. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/633b02e2ea84c50013087476&nbsp;" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ultra-processed food diet:</a> The transition to highly processed foods in modern diets has contributed to the global rise in obesity, affecting people worldwide. Young adults aged 15 to 25 are particularly prone to excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods, regardless of their geographical location, due to factors like flavor, accessibility, and affordability. The research aims to explore the relationship between frequent consumption of ultra-processed foods and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among high school and college students in Poland and Thailand, amid the global shift towards heavily processed diets. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/635aa6335a6733001330cea7 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pollution of oestrogens into freshwater systems:</a> In this case, you could analyse how a synthetic oestrogen (17α-ethinylestradiol) affects the gene expression of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and what effects this leads to.&nbsp;Pollution disrupts ecosystems, with aquatic environments particularly vulnerable due to inadequate waste disposal. Elevated oestrogen levels in water pose reproductive risks to fish, potentially altering breeding behavior and impacting the entire ecosystem. This investigation focuses on the effects of synthetic oestrogen on fathead minnow gene expression, aiming to raise awareness about this emerging issue and its consequences for biodiversity.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/62f54411bf877e0013714693 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Lactase-containing dietary supplements</a>: Lactose intolerance affects 65% of adults globally. Lactase enzyme supplements allow individuals to enjoy dairy without repercussions by aiding lactose digestion, highlighting the importance of enzymes like lactase in breaking down lactose into digestible sugars. Here you would assess to what extent the different types and brands of dietary supplements differ if the prescribed dosage used&nbsp; is measured as the amount of glucose produced after being treated with different supplements in a given time period.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/6121d70cc7828e0013ce1c18 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Antimicrobial effects of metals: </a>This EE was aimed to investigate methods of inhibiting bacterial growth, especially the oligodynamic effect which refers to the ability of metals to have toxic effects on bacterial cells. In this topic, the antimicrobial properties of metals: copper, barium and silver were tested in inhibiting the growth of bacteria such as Staphylococcus albus and Micrococcus luteus.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/61825dcda296080013457958 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Single-celled organism:</a> The research aims to investigate whether Physarum polycephalum, a single-celled organism, can adapt and learn to navigate around an obstacle, represented by table salt, to reach a designated goal. Despite lacking a brain, it exhibits signs of intelligence by adapting to its environment and making decisions in search of food. The experiment involves observing the organism's movement towards food placed in a container, with salt serving as a barrier, to determine its ability to overcome obstacles through habituation.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/biology/607498931eae0d00135c759e " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Digestion rate of oatmeal:</a> The experiment examines the impact of pre-soaking oatmeal (Avena sativa) for varying durations (2, 6, and 8 hours) on the enzymatic breakdown by bacterial amylase and its correlation with the Glycemic Index. By soaking the oats, the starches within may break down more effectively, affecting the rate of energy production in the body. After conducting the experiment with equal parts oatmeal and water soaked for different durations, the absorbance of the resulting liquid mixed with alpha amylase was measured using a colorimeter.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li></ol> Hopefully you discovered an interesting topic for your Biology extended essay. If you would like to see more examples, head to the <a href="/ee/biology" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify website</a>! We are here to help you with the entire writing process, don't hesitate to submit your EE for a professional <a href="/review" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Review.&nbsp;</a> &nbsp;

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A comprehensive list of Biology Extended Essay topic ideas with examples. Check it out for help with your IB coursework!

Biology EE Topic Ideas + examples 

Psychology

Have you got your psychology IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Do not worry, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous psychology IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track during the entire IA writing process. Whether you are interested in developmental, clinical, cognitive, or any other aspect of psychology, the suggestions below are sure to have something that fits your interests!&nbsp;<h4>&nbsp;</h4><pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Memory reconstruction", "Judgement &amp; perception", "Schema theory", "Memory capacity &amp; recall", "Interference &amp; attention"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Psychology IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64ad733ce3b31a00131a0473" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Judgements of quality:</a> In this topic, you can explore how a person's perception of the quality of a painting changes according to the amount of time they are told that the artist has spent on the painting.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64b38f9a3770b400128544c2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Investigating reconstructive memory:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate how schemas influence the reconstruction of memories by using verbs of different intensities.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64a6f745701b5600139b42bd" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Exploring schema theory:</a> Through this topic, you could look at the number of words or phrases that a person can remember after listening to an audio, depending on whether or not the person is provided with a picture related to the audio before they listen to it.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64ce4eae83f83c00122d3af0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Note-taking methods:</a> Within this exploration, you could analyze whether there is a significant difference in academic performance and lecture material retention between students who take notes by hand and students who take notes using electronic devices such as laptops.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64bbda3f50e28d00131698d9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Eyewitness memories:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore how the emotional intensity behind a word used during the question process of eyewitnesses affects the memories that the eyewitnesses can recollect.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64a833f2701b5600139b5183" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effort heuristic and quality:</a> In this analysis, you can look at how the difference between low-effort and high-effort heuristics can affect a person's judgement of the quality and likability of a poem.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64a774c4701b5600139b4f65" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Type of font used:</a> Through this topic, you could look at how the type of font used to create a multiple-choice quiz affects the number of correct responses on the quiz.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64ad3f61e3b31a00131a03a0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Leading words and memory:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze how the leading words present in a question affect how fast a person believes a car was going.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64b52a0f3770b4001285981f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Investigating the Recency Effect:</a> In this analysis, you could explore how the presence or absence of a filler task given to students can affect the number of words they can correctly recall from the end of a list.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64ec8dfed5797df95a2c52ea" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Anchoring bias:</a> Within this topic, you could look at how the order in which numbers in a sum are presented (ascending or descending) could affect the answer provided by the participant.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<ol start="11"><li><a href="/ia/psychology/62d5743eefe3ca0013f9a7d1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Feature Detection Theory:</a> In this experiment, you could investigate whether target letters are identified faster in angular or round letter lists, as both lettering types have different features.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/62e923f90f9915001387ae57" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effect of contextualization:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze whether the inclusion of a title before a passage affects the accurate recall of information from the passage.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/62d864747ded760014fe70f4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Investigating Interference Theory: </a>Within this topic, you could explore how the time taken to name a colour depends on whether the participant is presented with a square of the colour itself or a word spelling out a colour but has a different font colour (for example the word is 'green' but is in blue font).&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/6393b1d95573ed0013c51869" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Spoken word length: </a>In this exploration, you could investigate how using long-duration or short-duration words affects the number of words that a participant can correctly identify from a list.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/639ff7892f68260013875683" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Short-term memory capacity:</a> Through this topic, you could explore how the number of syllables in a word affects the number of sequences that are correctly identified by participants of the study.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/63be85acd20b8d001326284a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The effect of font colour on performance:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze how changing the font colour used affects the number of anagrams that participants can solve within a certain period of time.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/63e50750e1386a0014007fa9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Investigating the Halo Effect:</a> In this topic, you could look at how participants form perceptions about a person when shown a video of the person speaking in a friendly versus cold demeanour.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/638671665573ed0013c3fc4b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Investigating the Facial Feedback Theory:</a> Within this topic, you could analyze whether putting on a happy or sad face can make participants produce that particular emotion.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/5f96f0f3c4a457699b146245" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Perception of physical appearance:</a> Within this study, you could look at how a participant rates another person's physical appearance based on the exhibited attitude and behaviour of the person.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/5ffc601fe3625ef390b73134" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Social facilitation: </a>In this experiment, you could investigate whether social facilitation through the presence or absence of other participants could influence the time taken for a participant to complete a puzzle.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/60ed6c24c86af60012ff9c2c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Impaired memory encoding with distraction:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore how the type of music played during the encoding phase affects the number of words that participants can recall from different lists.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64ae6600e3b31a00131a0685" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pictures versus words:</a> Through this study, you could explore how giving participants a list of pictures versus a list of words affects the number of pictures or words recalled to see whether it is easier to memorize words or pictures.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64bc3ccc50e28d0013169a1e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Depth of processing:</a> In this topic, you could investigate how using different levels of word processing measured by different presentations of the word can affect the number of words that the participant can recall.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/63d9a53e159d440014c8e760" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Schema and memory recall:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze how the occurrence of schematically or non-schematically related words could affect the incidence of false recall.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/6138b935c114900013b65ddf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effects of interference:</a> Through this analysis, you could explore the effects of interference on the interpretation of congruent and incongruent stimuli, as measured by the time taken to read a black ink versus a coloured ink sheet.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/6289080d5005bb0013d0cba4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effects of divorce:</a> Within this exploration, you could investigate the extent to which major depressive disorder in children can be caused by the divorce of parents in different cultures.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/628a27395005bb0013d0ccbc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dual coding:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore how the method used to remember the word (such as imagery, rehearsal or no method) could affect the number of words recalled by the participant.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/6130d386fd3f920013178d88" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Stroop test:</a> In this topic, you could look at how the presence of conflicting word stimuli in the Stroop test affects the time taken by participants to complete the test.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/6184ef9ca296080013457d26" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effects of social categorization:</a> Through this analysis, you could investigate whether the division of participants into different groups will affect in-group favouritism and out-group discrimination.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/psychology/64c67246d9afef0013e5106e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dual-system theory:</a> In this topic, you could look at whether the font used in a cognitive reflection test (fluent or disfluent) can affect the number of correct answers that the participant obtains.</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/psychology" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">psychology</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!

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A comprehensive list of 30 psychology IA topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own internal assessment topic. 

Psychology IA Topic Ideas + Examples 

Physics

Are you struggling to find a topic for your Physics Extended Essay? Don't worry Clastify is here to help. Below you can find a list of EE descriptions with linked exemplars. We hope that you will find an interesting subject for your investigation.&nbsp;&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Fluid dynamics &amp; flow", "Forces &amp; motion", "Optics &amp; light", "Quantum &amp; particle physics", "Astrophysics"]</code></pre><h2 style="text-align:center;">&nbsp;</h2><h2 style="text-align:center;">Physics EE ideas</h2> &nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ee/physics/64eadc1736f6a35daf011e45" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Predicting and calculating the flow velocity of a siphon:</a> The essay focuses on the effectiveness of drainage, particularly siphon drainage, in mitigating landslides, posing a research question about the relationship between siphon height and flow velocity. To address this, the essay aims to create a theoretical model based on fluid dynamics principles, modifying Bernoulli's equation to account for real fluid behavior. The investigation involves gathering experimental data, developing theoretical models for ideal and real fluids, and comparing experimental and theoretical results to validate the model's accuracy in predicting flow velocity.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/64e07c445e211baa286cce1f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The G-forces on rollercoasters: </a>The essay delves into the design intricacies of rollercoaster loops, noting that their shapes are not perfect circles but are engineered to control the forces experienced by passengers. The research question examines the impact of varying loop radii on the maximum change in g-force experienced by passengers, addressing safety and excitement concerns in rollercoaster design. Through practical experimentation and application of circular motion and Newton's laws, the essay aims to elucidate the methods and principles behind loop design. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/64ae93c4e3b31a00131a15ae" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Fluid's density effect on falling objects: </a>The essay investigates the impact of fluid density on the falling time of objects, inspired by Commander David Scott's experiment on the moon's surface. Using an online simulator to maintain consistency and reduce errors, the experiment explores how different fluid densities affect the acceleration of falling objects. By analyzing data obtained from the simulator and applying it to physics theories, the essay aims to establish the relationship between fluid density and falling time. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/62cea3469636f50014730ce9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Investigating the motion of a simple pendulum:</a> The essay delves into the physics of simple pendulums, which have been pivotal in various mechanical systems since Galileo Galilei's experiments in the 17th century. Intrigued by the impact of larger initial angles on the time period, the author formulated the research question: How does increasing the angle of a simple pendulum affect its time period? Through simulation and research, the essay aims to determine the validity of the equation for larger angles and explore theoretical models for the pendulum's time period. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/62f422e002cd830013938461" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mechanics of a U-Folded Chain: </a>The interest in scientific experiments, led to an investigation into the fall time of the free end of a U-folded chain, a dynamic system of variable mass. While commonly discussed examples involve variable mass rockets and cable-tethered satellites, household metallic chains offer a practical yet complex scenario for analysis. Despite debates on its elastic or inelastic nature, this essay aims to apply Newtonian Laws of Motion to resolve the issue, offering theoretical richness within experimental accessibility.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/632b035623583a001300665d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Evaluating factors affecting the Orbital Geometry of Planetary Orbits:</a> The essay aims to explore the relationship between Angular Momentum, Orbital Velocity, and the Eccentricity of Planetary Orbits, applying principles from Celestial Mechanics and Kepler’s Laws. Kepler's laws laid the foundation for celestial dynamics and expanded beyond planetary movements to space flight applications, highlighting its ongoing significance in scientific exploration and technological advancement. Utilizing planetary data from the solar system, the research seeks to provide a quantitative dimension to the conclusion.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/618baacce45d510013e2e617">Effect of the velocity of a bicycle on its stability: </a>The author reflects on their childhood observation that a stationary bicycle is unstable, but becomes stable once in motion. This observation leads them to ponder the mechanics of why objects topple over and the relationship between the center of mass and stability. Formulating the research question "How does the velocity of a bicycle affect its stability?" the essay seeks to explore the connection between velocity and stability, defining stability as an object's ability to return to equilibrium when displaced. &nbsp; &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL </code></pre> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/65d4716e05ec7e4d399da108" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Photoluminescence of quantum dots produced using ultrasonic cavitation: </a>Samsung's introduction of QLED technology in 2017 revolutionized the industry, offering superior luminosity and color accuracy through the use of quantum dots. The Quantum Dot Colour Conversion layer in QLED screens replaces traditional color filters, offering greater efficiency and precise control over color and brightness. Fascinated by the control over quantum dot energy and its impact on photoluminescence intensity, the author investigates how energy supplied during ultrasonic cavitation affects graphene quantum dots, with potential applications in improving display luminosity and color accuracy. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/636a74f2149ad00013b9fdba" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Light intensity loss in optical fibre: </a>The essay delves into optical communication, detailing the transmission process through fibre optics and its applications in telecommunications and medicine. It explains the phenomenon of total internal reflection, essential for keeping light rays inside fibre-optic cables, and the factors contributing to attenuation in such cables. The experiment proposed aims to investigate the relationship between bend radius and light intensity loss in fibre optic tubes, considering different wavelengths and materials for the core and cladding. Hypothesized outcomes suggest that increasing the bend radius will result in decreased light intensity exiting the tube, with bending loss increasing proportionally with wavelengths. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/63bb655028e2540013c16ff5" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cloud chambers:</a> The essay focuses on particle physics and the construction of the Standard Model to categorize subatomic particles and fundamental forces. It highlights the incomplete nature of the established theory while acknowledging its success in explaining experimental results. &nbsp;The research question posed aims to assess the effectiveness of cloud chambers in displaying subatomic particles and fundamental interactions in the surrounding environment, covering areas such as atomic, nuclear, and particle physics.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/63de47c46672960013c5fb07" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Modeling and investigating the effect of bubble wand radius on ease of blowing:</a> Fluid mechanics, a complex field encompassing the study of liquids and gases, extends beyond the scope of typical educational programs but holds significant relevance to everyday life phenomena. Bubbles, formed through various processes including chemical reactions and wave actions, intrigued the author, especially those created by bubble wands. The author, recalling childhood experiences, seeks to understand the relationship between the critical air speed needed to blow bubbles and the radius of the wand, intending to construct a theoretical model grounded in fluid mechanics principles and validate it through experimentation. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/657de9fba8d6c041e5b48214" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Comparison of the properties of Delta Cephei and The Sun:</a> Due to the lengthy evolution of stars, we rely on observing different stages of their lives to gather information, despite the difficulty of estimating their dimensions. Variable stars, such as Cepheid variables, offer valuable insights into stellar behavior, allowing us to calculate vast distances. By investigating the properties of the Cepheid variable star Delta Cephei and comparing them to the Sun, the essay aims to understand why variable stars are instrumental in comprehending stellar activity. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/618c24867acb6a0013d7dc9d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The refractive index of water: </a>Light's refraction, governed by medium indexes, is fundamental to understanding phenomena like changes in salinity affecting the refractive index of water, observable through the bending of light rays. By investigating the relationship between the salinity of pure water and changes in refractive index, Snell's law can be employed to determine the effect of salinity on light refraction. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/644e1f905ac06200130b3a31" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Physics of toroidal banked turns:</a> Banked turns facilitate the movement of objects, vehicles, and people around corners by reducing frictional forces and providing centripetal acceleration, commonly found on highways, racetracks, and velodromes. This investigation aims to explore the relationship between the maximum height reached by an object and its initial velocity on a toroidal surface through both experimental and theoretical analyses. The research addresses the importance of safe design in engineering by developing accurate models to predict and mitigate risks associated with cornering on toroidal surfaces, considering factors such as energy conservation and friction effects. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/physics/63440fdd153d09001469991e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Molecular dynamics simulation of argon crystal: </a>The research focuses on analyzing phase changes in argon crystal as it undergoes monotonic heating in a controlled, pressure-free environment through computer simulation. The student's familiarity with professional simulation software like LAMMPS drives their interest in simulating argon crystal behavior, aiming to predict changes in density, volume, length, and mean square displacement (MSD) as temperature increases from 50 to 150 kelvins. The research question centers on understanding how these properties evolve with temperature, providing insights into phase transitions in argon crystal.</li></ol> As you can see, there is a variety of topics that you can explore in your extended essay. For more guidance on IB coursework check out the remainin<a href="/blog" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">og</a> and don't hesitate to submit your essay for <a href="/review" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Review</a>. Good luck! &nbsp;

A comprehensive guide to Physics extended essay criteria. Check out for guidance with your Physics EE. 

Physics EE Topic Ideas + Examples 

Business and Management

Are you having trouble choosing a topic for your Business and Management extended essay? Clastify comes to the rescue! Keep reading for our propositions of possible subjects for your essay along with examples that you can refer to in your writing process.&nbsp;&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Marketing &amp; brand strategy", "Growth strategies", "Operations and quality management", "Sustainability &amp; circular economy"]</code></pre><h2 style="text-align:center;">&nbsp;</h2><h2 style="text-align:center;">Business and Management EE ideas&nbsp; &nbsp;</h2><ol><li><a href="/ee/business-and-management/64aaedf9f66fe2001384513e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Amazon's market strategies: </a>Through this topic, you could explore how Amazon's market strategies contributed to growing its e-commerce business internationally.&nbsp;<meta charset="utf-8">Understanding how the company's strategies contribute to its international growth is essential for assessing its effectiveness in targeting the right audience and delivering relevant content. This research aims to analyze Amazon's market strategy, e-commerce operations, user experience, and overall approach to provide insights into its success. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/business-and-management/64a7278c701b5600139b43bd" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Zoom's leadership position:</a> In this case, you could analyse how Zoom's business model influenced its market leadership position.&nbsp;The company experienced significant growth during the pandemic. Zoom's freemium business model, offering basic features for free and charging for advanced ones, contributed to its success. This essay examines the impact of Zoom's freemium model on its market leadership position considering factors beyond pricing that influenced its rapid growth<span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/business-and-management/64b2a4103770b40012850163" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Vivienne Westwood's sustainability:</a> In this topic, you could research whether this firm's sustainable fashion initiatives provided it with a competitive advantage.&nbsp;The fashion industry is notorious for its environmental damage, with manufacturing processes contributing significantly to carbon emissions and water usage. Vivienne Westwood's sustainable initiatives, implemented since its inception, were analyzed to determine their competitive advantage over other luxury brands, especially in light of recent social media trends highlighting environmental concerns. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/business-and-management/62f0c7052a89a40013e709a8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Tesla's marketing strategies:</a> This extended essay investigates the effectiveness of Tesla's distinct marketing strategies in promoting its automotive business. This investigation is crucial not only due to Tesla's innovative nature and market leadership in electric vehicles but also because of the novelty of its marketing approach. By analyzing Tesla's mission statement, technological focus, social media presence, product design, and the influence of its CEO, this essay aims to assess the impact of Tesla's marketing strategies on its automotive sales and overall success. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/business-and-management/637b75e2472023001344e0c8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Spotify's innovations</a>: Spotify's growth in the mature music market has slowed down. To counter this, the company diversified into the audio space, particularly focusing on podcasts, through acquisitions. By investing over $600 million in podcasts and aiming to innovate in this sector, Spotify seeks to increase profitability and solidify its position as a leader in streaming audio. This paper aims to assess the effectiveness of Spotify's podcast innovation as a growth strategy in enhancing its profitability. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/business-and-management/64f09d33a35df3208b9d6f97" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Disney's digital presence:</a> The Walt Disney Company expanded its reach with the launch of Disney+. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated consumer digitalization behaviors, prompting Disney to seize the opportunity and enter the Subscription Video on Demand market, ultimately reshaping consumer habits and the entertainment landscape. This EE examined how the introduction of Disney+ impacted the company's market growth, particularly in response to the digitalization trend catalyzed by platforms like Netflix, and evaluated whether this launch was effective in advancing the company's digital presence and establishing market dominance.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.clastify.com/ee/business-and-management/64d9495afaee220013fff8ec">Total Quality Management in Louis Vuitton</a>: By deciding on this topic you would explore the management strategy of a leading luxury firm and how it affects its performance. <span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">LV has maintained its brand image by emphasizing product longevity and customer satisfaction. While other luxury brands like Chanel, Hermes, and Gucci also prioritize quality management, LV's approach will be examined in detail to understand its role in securing its position as the industry leader. This investigation delved into LV's total quality management practices, focusing on how they have contributed to its success in the luxury goods market. &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL		</code></pre> &nbsp;</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.clastify.com/ee/business-and-management/64a6bd34295ecb00139efcf1">Growth opportunities from YouTube:</a> In this case, you could answer the question of to what extent YouTube helps entrepreneurs build their businesses, based on a chosen creator.&nbsp;This EE investigates how YouTube has contributed to the success of all four Sidemen businesses by providing branding, marketing, and entrepreneurial skills. The research question is significant due to the increasing popularity and continuous growth of both Sidemen and YouTube, shedding light on the impact of social media platforms on business growth and effectiveness.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/business-and-management/64a98128f66fe20013841c46" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Acquisition of Time Warner by AT&amp;T:</a> Through this topic, you would assess the effectiveness of the acquisition as a growth strategy. To answer this question, this student looked at the initial terms of the acquisition, analyzed further balance sheets and income statements of AT&amp;T and Warner Media, and used the stock price as an additional indicator of AT&amp;T’s success.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/business-and-management/65b31395cc71cfcb28a90d43" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Netflix online games:</a> In response to the emergence of competitors such as Disney+ and HBO<span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">, the firm introduced strategies such as raising prices or incorporating advertisements and decided to diversify into the gaming industry, introducing 22 original games inspired by iconic shows. This extended essay explored the extent to which Netflix's incorporation of games into its platform has contributed to customer loyalty and acquisition, considering the risks and opportunities associated with venturing into a new industry. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/business-and-management/64b07b5fb38ec100134bc754" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Toyota's diversification strategies:</a> In this analysis, you could focus on how will the diversification help increase business revenues and market share. Being an early pioneer in hybrid vehicle technology, Toyota gained mass success and recognition. The company is planning to heavily invest in researching the sustainable transportation industry, which apart from profitability, can contribute to a greener future.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/business-and-management/6549c6a1888c030f5bc54dbf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The decline in profitability of Jet Airways:</a> India's civil aviation industry is projected to grow. However, not all airlines have been profitable, as seen with the case of Jet Airways, which dominated the Indian aviation market before ceasing operations in 2019. The decline in profitability of Jet Airways is attributed to various factors, including ineffective organizational culture, as evidenced by internal financial operations and corporate structure issues. This extended essay analyzed the extent to which Jet Airways' organizational culture contributed to its decline, shedding light on the complexities of its downfall and its broader impact on stakeholders.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.clastify.com/ee/business-and-management/64acd1c6b2d6120012fbadfe">McDonald's success in the real estate business:</a> By choosing this topic you would compare McDonald's to the fast-food business in the chosen area.&nbsp;Despite being renowned for its fast food, the company's primary business model revolves around real estate, making it the largest restaurant chain by revenue. Their success in real estate is evident from their consistent performance of stock market indices even during economic downturns, showcasing their resilience and strategic advantage over competitors. This essay assessed the extent of McDonald’s success in the real estate sector compared to its traditional fast-food business in the United States, exploring the pivotal role of real estate in its financial performance and market leadership. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.clastify.com/ee/business-and-management/65bec51f1c3e1a8835928617">Ikea's adoption of the circular economy:</a> Through this topic, you could find out to what extent the company's pursuit of its 2030 goals will allow it to contribute to a more circular economy. Despite IKEA's historical association with the linear economy, its current endeavors reflect a significant shift towards sustainability, evident in its investments, partnerships, and product design strategies aimed at enhancing recyclability and longevity. In this approach IKEA's efforts were evaluated through various business management frameworks, including corporate social responsibility, stakeholder analysis, and SWOT analysis, to assess its progress towards fostering a circular economy and becoming a more sustainable organizatio<span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">n. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/business-and-management/65105822cdba678bd6d246a3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Merger between PSA and FCA:</a> This essay explored the potential impact of the merger between PSA and FCA on their market shares in China, a critical market for global car companies. Despite the importance of establishing a strong presence in China, both companies have struggled to gain traction, with a combined market share of only 0.5% prior to the merger. However, the Chinese market is rapidly evolving, especially in the electric vehicle sector, where FCA and PSA have lagged compared to competitors like Volkswagen Group and Mercedes-Benz.</li></ol> If you still aren't sure about the topic of your extended essay check out the remaining <a href="/ee/business-and-management" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Business and Management exemplars</a>. Later do not forget that you can submit your essay for a professional <a href="/review" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Review</a>. Good luck!&nbsp; &nbsp;

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A list of topic ideas and marked examples of Business Management extended essay. Check it out for help with your IB coursework!

Business and Management EE topic ideas + examples 

Economics

Have you got your economics IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Don't worry, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous economics IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track during the entire IA writing process. No matter what aspect of economics you are interested in, the suggestions below are sure to have something that is sure to satisfy you!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Government intervention", "Positive and negative externalities", "Macroeconomic policy", "Income distribution", "International trade"]</code></pre>&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Microeconomics IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/economics/60309e60dfa68a00127f71f2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Taxes on cigarettes:</a> In this topic, you could look at the impact of consuming demerit goods such as cigarettes which are harmful to health, and also study why the government might tax these goods to discourage their consumption.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/5fec8e7fbf717eb68b5257a1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Impact of fossil fuel subsidies:</a> Through this topic, you could analyze the impact of the government giving subsidies to suppliers of fossil fuels, which negatively impact the environment when they are burned.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/64abb4acf66fe20013847577" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Carbon tax:</a> Within this analysis, you could look at the impact of carbon taxes on companies and industries that produce a lot of carbon emissions to see whether implementing a carbon tax helps reduce these emissions.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/62c7d115b6479f0013a50aaf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Childcare subsidies:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze the effect of government subsidies for childcare to offset the cost parents must undertake when looking for childcare.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/62cd46189636f50014730b6a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Free public transport:</a> Through this topic, you could look at the environmental impacts of the government making all public transport free as it is a positive externality which reduces the use of vehicles and the burning of fossil fuels.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/63e26caae1386a00140068e4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Price ceiling:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore the impacts of a price ceiling placed on commodities such as food, which can be useful in controlling the price of commodities when inflation is high.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/618b7091e45d510013e2e5bc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Subsidies for renewable energy:</a> In this analysis, you could look at the impacts of a government subsidy for renewable energy which is a positive externality as it prevents environmental pollution.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/64b0c661b38ec100134bc790" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Increasing minimum wage:</a> Within this study, you could analyze the impacts of increasing workers' minimum wages, which is especially important for low-wage workers.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/622ca7d39a37d700138c33ba" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Privatization of commodities:</a> Through this topic, you could look at how a previously public-owned commodity can become privatized and the effects that privatization can have on those who use the commodity (such as public transport, healthcare, etc.).&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/65241838fb522601eb8f8b3a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Taxes on unhealthy food and drink:</a> In this topic, you could explore the impacts of taxes imposed on unhealthy goods (such as sugary drinks, junk food, etc.).&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Macroeconomics IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/economics/5fec8dd4bf717eb68b52579e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Recession and unemployment:</a> In this topic, you could look at how an economic recession impacts the unemployment present in a country as workers struggle to find jobs, which can be measured by looking at the growth rate of the GDP.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/60309eb7dfa68a00127f71f4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Interest rate cuts:</a> Through this topic, you could analyze how the economy responds to cuts in the interest rate, which are meant to boost the economy by increasing spending.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/61102aa870945c0013dd21fd" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Expansionary fiscal policy:</a> Within this analysis, you could explore the effects of expansionary fiscal policy that is used to boost an economy by increasing aggregate demand.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/64a82230701b5600139b515a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Government spending and inflation:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze how high rates of government spending could cause the inflation rate to rise, which disadvantages the economy.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/5ffc5b46e3625ef390b7312b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Fiscal policy and unemployment:</a> In this topic, you could investigate how using expansionary fiscal policy could lower the unemployment rate within a country.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/6300cbf78483960013c96f54" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Economic stimulus packages:</a> Within this analysis, you could explore how government intervention through an economic stimulus could boost economies affected by the impacts of COVID-19.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/5fcdd4c718fea65968845405" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">COVID and recession:</a> Through this topic, you could analyze whether the coronavirus caused economic recessions worldwide due to businesses being forced to shut down during quarantine.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/64b017a3b38ec100134b72b2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">President boosting employment:</a> In this analysis, you could explore how the policies implemented by a President can boost employment within a country.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/64be813750e28d001317341d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Income inequality:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze the income disparity between different regions within a country and what implications that may have for the quality of life across the country.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/641a5c6925f9c500140ec433" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Recovery after COVID-19:</a> Through this topic, you can look at how increasing aggregate demand and expansionary fiscal policy helps a country recover after the COVID-19 pandemic.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">International Economics IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/economics/5ff3490974e8fd1e7ae28a2b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">US tariffs on European exports:</a> In this topic, you could analyze the effects of the US imposing a tariff on European goods to protect the US economy from external competition due to unfair subsidies given to European producers by their governments.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/622f47ee9a37d700138c3746" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Increasing import quotas:</a> Through this topic, you can explore how increasing the import quota boosts a country's exports and provides them with more revenue, while also improving the trade relationship between the two countries.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/6102bb7481ca760012706986" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dumping:</a> By looking at this topic, you can investigate the effects of dumping on foreign economies. Dumping is when goods are produced in one country and then sold in another country at a price that is below their cost of production, which negatively affects the country in which the dumped goods are sold.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/64a6ef78701b5600139b4281" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Free trade agreements:</a> Within this topic, you could look at how free trade deals and agreements work between countries to reduce tariffs and increase quotas, which benefits the economies of all the countries involved.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/5fedb47a09a5c0bcfe46789f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">US steel tariffs:</a> In this topic, you could explore the effects of the US importing steel tariffs on imports to protect the domestic steel industry which supplies many items to the economy and military, so the US does not want to depend on other countries for steel.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/economics/64c4c3a2d9afef0013e4aadc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Currency devaluation:</a> Through this analysis, you could determine the impacts of a government devaluing a currency to boost its foreign exchange reserves.</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/search?q=micro" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">microeconomics</a>, <a href="/search?q=macro" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">macroeconomics</a>, and <a href="/search?q=international&amp;p=2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">international economics</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!&nbsp;

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A comprehensive list of microeconomics, macroeconomics, and international economics IA internal assessment topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own topic. 

Economics IA Topic Ideas + Examples

Chemistry

Are you struggling to find a topic for your Chemistry extended essay? The possibilities are endless as long as the topic relates to the syllabus. Clastify is here to help! Below you can find a list of 15 ideas with examples for inspiration.&nbsp; &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Analytical chemistry", "Nutrient analysis", "Reaction rates", "Organic chemistry", "Materials &amp; nanoparticles"]</code></pre><h2 style="text-align:center;">&nbsp;</h2><h2 style="text-align:center;">Chemistry EE ideas&nbsp; &nbsp;</h2><ol><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/60e30d7eb4446500125e5f10 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Vitamin C concentration in citrus fruit juices:</a> Vitamin C plays a crucial role in human health as an antioxidant and enzyme cofactor. Given its importance, the student investigated how storage conditions, specifically temperature and time, affect the vitamin C content in citrus fruit juices, hypothesizing that higher temperatures and longer storage times will lead to decreased concentrations of vitamin C due to degradation processes. The concentration was measured through iodine titration and spectrophotometry. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/64a9744af66fe20013841c23 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Saponification values and pH of oils:</a> Soap production through saponification involves combining alkalis like sodium hydroxide with oils or fats, resulting in a chemical reaction that produces soap. In this case, the student conducted an experiment to find out how different types of oil (palm oil, avocado oil, castor oil, and olive oil) contribute to the production of soap bars.&nbsp;To optimize their soap recipe, the research aimed to determine which oils produced soap bars with a pH closest to 7, aiming for safety and effectiveness in skin care. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/64bf713cf8603e0013d60d78 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Methods of determining the amount of copper in brass:</a> In this analysis, you would investigate which of the methods: iodometric titration, spectophotometry, or potentiometry yields the most accurate result.&nbsp;In this EE the student used these methods to determine the composition of a plumbing connector. Apart from the accuracy of the results other aspects such as the interference of other ions, duration, chance of human error, or the requirement for other reagents were considered in evaluating the different procedures. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/655c1a48b17f4a682b05a50a " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Iron content in vegetables</a>: Here, you would research which vegetables should be included in an anemic individual’s diet.&nbsp;By comparing different vegetables (potato, cauliflower, broccoli, spinach, and onions), this Extended Essay explores which vegetables should be consumed by anemic-prone individuals to stay within the recommended daily intake and which cooking method (raw vs. steamed) would minimize iron loss. Iron concentration was determined through titration.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/62e37b4be04de40014c04a28 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Kolbe Electrolysis:</a> Recently, there has been renewed interest in the Kolbe reaction for industrial applications, particularly in the synthesis of hydrocarbons from sustainable sources like biomass. This investigation focuses on the Kolbe electrolysis of ethanoic acid, exploring how varying solution pH and sodium ethanoate concentration affect the rate and yield of ethane production. By studying these variables, researchers aim to optimize the Kolbe reaction for industrial-scale hydrocarbon synthesis, potentially replacing traditional nonrenewable sources with sustainable alternatives. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/63f6403a8fac8600148a5336 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Extraction of polyphenols from Rosmarinus officinalis</a>: In this topic, you could investigate how the type of solvent (ethanol and propanone) and its solvent-to-water ratio in the extraction of polyphenols affect the total phenolic content extracted from rosemary.&nbsp;With rising interest in natural antioxidants, research on polyphenols like those found in rosemary aims to replace synthetic antioxidants in various industries. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/5ff1e6c597f035fd691a395a " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Presence of sulfur dioxide in chopsticks</a>: In this case, through titration and combustion, you would assess whether the amount of sulfur dioxide in disposable chopsticks is a potential health hazard. The quality of chopsticks varies by brand, with cheaper, lesser-known brands posing a greater risk due to the use of inferior wood and bleaching agents. Regulatory standards for sulfur dioxide content in chopsticks vary, with limits set to ensure consumer safety. Investigating the presence of sulfur dioxide in chopsticks is crucial for understanding potential health hazards and ensuring compliance with safety regulations. &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">
CAROUSEL</code></pre> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/61769102610b20001323800b " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rancidification of vegetable oils:</a> Rancidification, caused by exposure to air, light, moisture, or bacteria, accelerates oil spoilage. The shelf life of vegetable oils depends also on factors such as iodine value, acid value, oxidative stability, and hydrolysis rate. This EE determined to what extent these factors affect the hydrolysis rate of fatty acids in the oil. &nbsp;The student used the Kaufmann test, measuring iodine value through bromination due to its accuracy and reliability. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/6195a9d79ee7080013a7a616 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cation’s effect on aggregation:</a> Nanoparticles, with dimensions between 1-100 nm, bridge the gap between molecular structures and bulk materials, exhibiting size-dependent properties like optical characteristics. Silver nanoparticles have notable antibacterial effects and find applications in medical treatments. The research question focuses on how different cations added via salt solution influence the rate and extent of aggregation in silver nanoparticle synthesis. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/6185129da296080013457d70 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Chemiluminescence of Luminol:</a> Through this topic, you would investigate how varying concentrations of hydrogen peroxide affect the light emitted during the oxidation of luminol using hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite.&nbsp;Apart from its use in glow sticks, there are many practical applications to luminescence. Bioluminescent bacteria are used for quality control in the pharmaceutical industry, the medical use includes the detection of nitric oxide in the breath of asthma patients whereas in forensics luminol is used to detect blood. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/64a6c445295ecb00139efd22 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Fischer-Speier esterification reaction: </a>Esters, synthesized through esterification, result from the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, finding applications in various industries including food, soap manufacturing, pharmaceuticals like aspirin, and polyesters. The Fischer-Speier Esterification Reaction, a type of esterification, offers advantages as it is thermodynamically controlled, yielding more stable esters due to its slow nature and allowing the use of weaker acids, resulting in less toxic byproducts. By deciding on this topic, you would research to what extent the type of alcohol used in the Fisher-Speier esterification reaction affects the average rate of reaction as measured through back titration.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/64e671a04b4553534fa34f5c&nbsp; " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Concentration of harpagoside in the equine mane: </a>Here, you would asses how the concentration of harpagoside, which is identified by the surface area of the spot on the chromatography paper, changes in equine mane after gradual consumption of a supplement.&nbsp;Compliance with anti-doping regulations set by organizations is crucial for professional riders to uphold fair competition standards. The investigation aims to use TLC screening to track the concentration of harpagoside, a FEI-controlled substance found in Devil's Claw supplements, in equine mane to assess the feasibility of rapid mane testing for doping control. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/64d922066444cd0013a816a7 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mass of phenolic and flavonoid contents of apple varieties:</a> Beyond fiber and Vitamin C, apples contain phytochemicals, particularly phenolic compounds, which have attracted scientific interest for their health benefits. This research aims to determine which of the five most popular apple varieties (Granny Smith, Royal Gala, Red Jonaprince, Golden Delicious, or Champion) contains the highest mass content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, indicating their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity.&nbsp; &nbsp;<meta charset="utf-8"></li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/63305b9423583a001300927b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Composition of carbonated drinks:</a> In this extended essay the student investigated how different storing times affect the composition of Coca-Cola drinks, considering H3PO4 concentration and sugar content.&nbsp; The main aim of this experiment is to determine whether a long-stored bottle of Coca-Cola is still safe for people to drink, or if the concentrations of its components have changed beyond the regulatory limits.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/chemistry/62d17b818af69200139b4759 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Reaction of Polymer-Analogous Transformation:</a> In this case, you could examine the effect of changing the concentration of the reagent on the formation rate and the diffusion coefficient observed in the reaction of&nbsp; Polymer-Analogous Transformation, from salt to base, of Chitosan. This EE is drawn from existing research for data analysis.&nbsp;</li></ol> We hope that you found this list useful, more <a href="/ee/chemistry" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">chemistry extended essay exemplars</a> can be found on our website. &nbsp;If you need more guidance with your IB coursework, check out our <a href="/review" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Review service</a>. It's a 100% safe way to improve your work. Good luck! &nbsp;

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List of Chemistry extended essay ideas with examples. Check it out for guidance with your IB coursework!

Chemistry EE Topic Ideas + examples 

Do you need help starting your Psychology EE? You came to the right place! There are many topics that you can delve into, below you can find a set of 15 extended essay topics with <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify's </a>exemplars.&nbsp; &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Childhood disorders", "Mental health", "Neurodegenerative diseases", "Cognitive psychology", "Trauma and PTSD"]</code></pre><h2 style="text-align:center;">&nbsp;</h2><h2 style="text-align:center;">Psychology EE ideas &nbsp;</h2><ol><li><a href="/ee/psychology/64a6c748295ecb00139efd2d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The effects of Oxytocin on longevity of romantic relationships:</a> Oxytocin, often referred to as the "love hormone" or "cuddle hormone," influences feelings of happiness, trust, and bonding. Studies have shown associations between oxytocin and positive aspects of relationships, such as trust and fidelity, but also suggest potential negative impacts like envy and anxiety. This EE investigates how maintaining high levels of oxytocin influences positive behaviors that impact the longevity of romantic relationships in adults. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/64a6fddd701b5600139b42ff" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The effect of Major Depressive Disorder on the academic performance of youth: </a>The prevalence of Severe Major Depressive Disorder Episodes among youths in the United States has steadily increased in recent years, affecting over 2.5 million youth in 2022. The disease characterized by persistent sadness and disrupted sleep and appetite patterns, can significantly impact academic performance, as shown by research indicating negative associations between MDD symptoms and achievement. While symptoms of MDD are known to affect academic performance, external factors such as socioeconomic status, delinquency, and substance use also play significant roles in determining educational outcomes, highlighting the complex interaction between mental health and academic achievement. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/64a6f97d701b5600139b42db" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Predicting the Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease:<span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;"> </a>Dementia encompasses memory loss and cognitive impairment impacting daily life, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause. While there is currently no cure for Alzheimer's, recent research suggests that certain personality traits, as categorized by the Big Five Model, may serve as predictors of the disease's risk. Longitudinal studies examining the relationship between personality traits and Alzheimer's risk offer valuable insights, potentially paving the way for early detection and intervention strategies, crucial in addressing this growing public health concern<span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/64aa8fc9f66fe20013842bb6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Genetics and homosexuality: </a>Debates surrounding the genetic basis of homosexuality have persisted for decades, as it presents a paradox to evolutionary biologists due to its potential impact on reproductive success. Research suggests that homosexuality may be influenced by polymorphic genes, with evidence primarily drawn from twin studies indicating a combination of genetic and environmental factors at play. However, studying homosexuality presents challenges, including the difficulty in identifying suitable participants and obtaining truthful responses due to social taboos. This essay will focus specifically on male homosexuality to provide a clearer understanding of its genetic components. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/64f8612ea71635999ca4036b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Treatment for Pediatric Bipolar Disorder patients:</a> While pharmacotherapy can help alleviate symptoms, family-based therapies are also effective in addressing the psychosocial aspects of Pediatric Bipolar Disorder. Such therapies offer promising results in reducing symptoms and improving social and psychological development in PBD patients, emphasizing the need for personalized and comprehensive treatment approaches. This essay explores how could family-based therapies such as CFF-CBT, FFT, and FFT-HR be implemented in the treatment of this disorder. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/62d57060efe3ca0013f9a7ce" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The effect of violent video games on aggression:</a> The rise of violent video game playing among adolescents has sparked research into its connection with increased aggression, especially following high-profile incidents involving video game players. Studies have shown a correlation between exposure to violent video games and aggressive behavior, prompting further investigation into the extent of this relationship to inform preventive measures and raise awareness. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/62ea390b3c0e8b0013cf2371" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Passage of time during the COVID-19 pandemic:</a> During the pandemic in 2020, lockdown measures prompted shifts in individuals' subjective experiences of time, with reports of both times speeding up and slowing down during lockdown. Research conducted in various countries suggested a potential link between age and time perception, but the findings were inconclusive. This study investigated to what extent age was a significant predictor of the subjective feeling of the passage of time during COVID-19. &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL </code></pre> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/62f2607e02cd83001393809b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The influence of music on memory:</a> Psychologists have explored the relationship between music and memory within the cognitive approach of psychology, which focuses on mental processes. Memory involves encoding, storing, and retrieving information, and music has been investigated as a factor influencing these processes. Through this study, the student evaluated to what extent music influences the different components of working memory. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/62f3631602cd8300139382e4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The impact of social and emotional impairment on children with ADHD: </a>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impulsivity, difficulty concentrating, and social challenges, significantly impacting the lives of affected children. Despite advancements in treatment approaches targeting symptoms like inattention and hyperactivity, the social development of individuals with ADHD remains an under-researched area. Impaired social and emotional functioning in children with ADHD often leads to peer rejection, family issues, and increased risk of comorbid disorders, highlighting the importance of addressing social and emotional impairments in ADHD treatment. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/6308c407a315bb0013dc895b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Intervention for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder:</a> Trauma and stressor-related disorders, notably Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), significantly impact individuals' daily lives, affecting memory, sleep, and emotions. The global COVID-19 pandemic has likely exacerbated PTSD rates, necessitating effective interventions. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Prolonged Exposure Therapy (PE) are recognized as effective non-medical interventions for PTSD, although they differ in approach and administration. Evaluating their efficacy is crucial for determining the most suitable intervention for individuals with PTSD, which this essay aims to explore. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/5f9856edc4a457699b146255" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The effect of stress on academic performance: </a>While stress can motivate, it often leads to negative symptoms like sleep deprivation and concentration issues, affecting task performance. Cortisol, a key stress hormone, influences whether stress motivates or impedes individuals. Chronic stress, the most harmful type, can lead to severe health consequences. Research suggests stress significantly affects students' examination performance, raising questions about the reliability of exams in assessing true abilities. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/61e9e66961e0390013943108" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Susceptibility of adolescent immigrants to internalizing behaviors: </a>Adolescents commonly experience loneliness, social anxiety, and depression, with internalizing and externalizing behaviors receiving significant attention from psychologists. Studies show that ethnic minority and immigrant youth in the United States tend to have higher levels of depression and anxiety, with research focusing on environmental factors and acculturation. Migration is a key determinant of adolescents' mental health, prompting significant research in the field. This essay aims to investigate the susceptibility of immigrant adolescents to internalizing behaviors through the analysis of peer-reviewed research articles, focusing on those who experienced immigration during adolescence.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/61499bebe7d76100138e3068" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Development of Schizophrenia: </a>Schizophrenia is a chronic brain disorder characterized by a disruption in the balance between thinking and emotions, leading to impairments in recognizing reality and behaving naturally in social situations. The disorder is highly prevalent, affecting approximately one in every hundred people worldwide. Therefore, it is important to have a correct understanding of the extent to which its development is forged through predisposed genetics or an individual's environmental placement to establish further risk factors for the disorder.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/60e575d3b4446500125e5ffe" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effectiveness of mental imagery in enhancing sports performance:</a> The power of imagination has long been recognized as a valuable tool for athletes' mental strategies. In sports psychology literature, imagery has garnered increased attention for its potential to enhance performance by improving skills. The research question seeks to explore the effectiveness of cognitive-specific imagery in enhancing skill-specific performance for individual athletes. Imagery involves creating vivid mental representations of movements and experiences, utilizing senses like visual, auditory, and kinesthetic. While early research on imagery included multi-modal approaches, recent studies focus more on the functional equivalence between imagery and actual movement, offering insights into its effectiveness for skill improvement. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/psychology/63354a59d77add00134d7dac" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The effect of media on the development of Anorexia: </a>While the exact causes of eating disorders remain uncertain, researchers suggest a combination of factors including media exposure and family environment. The pervasive influence of media on body image perception underscores the importance of understanding its role in the development of eating disorders, which have become increasingly prevalent and pose significant risks to individuals' well-being.</li></ol> As you can see, there is a variety of issues that you can investigate in your Psychology extended essay. Our expertise does not end here... we invite you to check out our <a href="/review" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Review service</a> and submit your EE to receive professional feedback on your coursework.&nbsp;

A list of Psychology extended essay ideas along with examples. Check out for inspiration with your IB coursework.

Psychology EE Topic Ideas + Examples 

Maths

You still haven't decided on the topic of your Maths EE? You can write on any topic that has a mathematical focus. Check out this list of 15 propositions and examples of extended essays, to see the variety of topics that you can investigate.&nbsp;&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Cryptography", "Differential equations", "Engineering", "Mathematical modeling", "Optimization &amp; applied calculus"]</code></pre><h2 style="text-align:center;">&nbsp;</h2><h2 style="text-align:center;">Math EE Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ee/maths/64a7cb73701b5600139b5048" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Usage of elliptic curves in cryptography: </a>The right to privacy is crucial in online communication due to the prevalent risks of digital security breaches. Major companies like Meta and Google employ cryptography to store and transmit personal information securely. This EE examines how modern cryptography (including algorithms like RSA and elliptic curve cryptography) utilizes mathematical principles to safeguard information transmitted over the internet, addressing the growing concerns about digital security and privacy. &nbsp;</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.clastify.com/ee/maths/64c07c95f8603e0013d6497a">The application of Laplace Transformation on differential equations:</a> This essay delves into the application of engineering mathematics, particularly Laplace Transformation (LT), in solving complex equations relevant to undergraduate engineering students - related to undamped vibration and Kirchhoff's laws of current and voltage. It emphasizes the importance of LT as a widely used method in mathematics and physics, providing clear illustrations to aid comprehension. The essay focuses on how LT can effectively solve complex linear differential equations, including those related to Kirchhoff's laws, digital signal processing, and system modeling. Additionally, it explores the accuracy of LT through experiments, particularly in addressing second-order differential equations common in physics applications.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/64b3ffc73770b40012855350" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Exploring Consonance and Dissonance through the Fourier Series: </a>This study explores the relationship between music theory and mathematical descriptions of stringed instruments. It investigates how strings' vibrations produce consonant and dissonant sounds by analyzing the wave equation and its solutions. By employing a variable separation approach and establishing the uniqueness of the solution, the study aims to understand the formation of these sounds. The research question guiding this inquiry is: "To what extent do mathematical descriptions of string motions within stringed instruments, described by the Fourier Series, provide insight into the concepts of consonance and dissonance in music theory?" &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/64c35eeef8603e0013d65eae" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Lotka-Volterra model:</a> The Extended Essay investigates the predator-prey relationship at Isle Royale National Park, USA, and Leigh National Park. Linearization of the Lotka-Volterra model is necessary for analysis, involving concepts like the Jacobian matrix and Eigenvalues. Graphical representations support the application of the model in understanding predator-prey dynamics, leading to the research question: "To what extent does the Lotka-Volterra model aid in comprehending predator-prey relationships in ecosystems?" &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/64c8a73bd9afef0013e67216" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pell's equation in cryptography: </a>Cryptography ensures secure communication between sender and receiver, commonly used in text messages and financial transactions, employing encryption methods like RSA. However, RSA encryption is susceptible to low exponent attacks, posing risks to privacy and authenticity, particularly for entities like government and military. The paper delves into RSA operation, addressing security challenges and efficiency, followed by an exploration of Pell's equation and its role in prime fake modulus implementation. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/62d57a54efe3ca0013f9a7e8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Matrix analysis of Game theory used to guide foreign policy: </a>Game theory simplifies interactions into mathematical models to predict outcomes beneficial for players. It assumes rational decision-making, full information, and predetermined payoffs, although these assumptions may not reflect real-world scenarios accurately. US-Iran tensions, characterized by complex interactions, offer an opportunity for game theory analysis to guide foreign policy decisions, considering the array of strategies available to each party. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/632a178123583a001300648c">Optimizing a suspension bridge:</a> Suspension bridges are popular for long distances due to their efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Investigating optimal bridge designs for industrial transportation routes. The bridge's structure typically consists of two identical sides connected by main cables shaped like a catenary, with vertical towers evenly spaced along the length. The research question focuses on determining the height and number of towers required for the bridge to bear heavy loads at minimal cost.&nbsp; &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/633981372088dc00137073e3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Application of trigonometry in astronomy: </a>Trigonometry finds extensive applications in various fields including astronomy, navigation, and construction. Its concepts involve the study of angles and distances within triangular shapes, aiding in calculations related to real-life scenarios. Astronomy, on the other hand, is the scientific study of the universe and heavenly bodies, providing insights into celestial phenomena and aiding in timekeeping during ancient times. Despite being distinct fields, trigonometry and astronomy are intertwined, with trigonometric principles being applied in astronomical calculations to understand celestial motions and distances. This paper explores the astronomical applications of this branch of mathematics.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/63b7770cf8937e0013baf7f8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The Analysis of Approaches and Extension of a Combinatorial Geometry Problem:</a> In this essay, the author aims to analyze, solve, and expand upon a challenging problem from the 2017 International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO), which involves a hunter and an invisible rabbit playing a game in the Euclidean plane. Despite its seemingly simple setup, the problem is statistically the most difficult in IMO history, with only two out of 615 contestants solving it correctly within the allotted time. The problem requires a combination of mathematical areas such as geometry, optimization, and proof formation. The author's interest in understanding how so few people managed to solve the problem motivates them to attempt a solution, compare their approach with successful participants, and explore real-world applications of the problem. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/649ac7926e142a001370c9c0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Application of mathematical concepts in forensic science: </a>Forensic science involves analyzing evidence from crime scenes to aid investigations and prosecutions. This essay focuses on two branches: blood spatter analysis and estimating the time of death. Trigonometry is used in blood spatter analysis to determine angles of impact, while calculus and Newton's laws are employed to estimate the time of death based on temperature loss. The research question explores the extent to which trigonometry, elliptical geometry, and calculus assist forensic analysts in these areas, highlighting the practical applications of mathematics in real-life scenarios. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/60ec0908c86af60012ff9b74" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Analysis of the distribution of cards: </a><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">The egg game, chosen for this investigation, is a game of chance where players receive cards with symbols, numbers, or names, aiming to collect four identical cards to win. Despite being widely known in some countries, it lacks a thorough analysis of online resources. Its unique rules make it an interesting subject for applying concepts of combinatorics and probability. The research question focuses on determining the probability distribution of outcomes based on the number of identical cards received by each player in the egg game with three players. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/62e53e901459fa0013b212bc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Application of modular arithmetic in the field of number theory: &nbsp;</a>This paper aims to explore modular arithmetic and its applications in number theory. It discusses significant theorems essential to the topic and presents original solutions to number theory problems, primarily from the UK Mathematics Trust. Overall, the essay highlights the significance and practicality of modular arithmetic in pure mathematics, cryptography, and checksum calculations, providing elegant solutions to mathematical problems. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/6131490cfd3f920013178e0b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Links between the prime numbers and the Riemann Zeta Function:</a> The essay delves into the Riemann Zeta Function, a mathematical concept defined for the complex plane. It explains how the function converges for certain values of its argument and diverges for others, particularly focusing on its behavior at s=1. The essay discusses the Riemann hypothesis, a conjecture proposed by Riemann regarding the function's zeros, which remains unsolved to this day and is considered one of the most important challenges in mathematics. Furthermore, it investigates the connections between the Riemann Zeta Function and prime numbers, aiming to shed light on the mysteries surrounding both concepts. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/61653f9182a3370013ec717f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Optimization of scoring points in rugby union: </a>The study investigates the optimal distance from the try line to position the ball for a conversion kick in rugby union using mathematics. It acknowledges the intuitive approach of kickers but proposes that mathematical analysis could improve success rates. The personal motivation behind the investigation stems from the author's interest in both rugby and mathematics, aiming to contribute a useful solution to a real-life problem while advancing knowledge in both areas. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/maths/61769950610b200013238017" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The RSA algorithm and its vulnerabilities:</a> This extended essay aims to explore the mathematical background of the RSA algorithm, a widely used encryption method, and analyze its workings and vulnerabilities. The investigation seeks to determine the extent to which the RSA algorithm can provide secure encryption despite its known weaknesses.</li></ol> As you can see many issues can be subjected to mathematical analysis and thus can become the topic of your extended essay. If you would like to see more Maths EE exemplars head to the<a href="/ee/maths" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> Clastify website</a>. Also remember that your IB coursework can be <a href="/review" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">reviewed</a> by our experienced moderators, good luck!&nbsp;

A list of Maths extended essay ideas along with examples. Check out for inspiration with your IB coursework. 

Maths EE Topic Ideas + Examples 

Have you got your business management IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Don't worry, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous business IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track during the entire IA writing process. No matter what aspect of business you are interested in, the suggestions below are sure to have something that suits your needs!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Market expansion", "Pricing &amp; brand decisions", "Operations &amp; planning", "Employee motivation", "Sustainability &amp; CSR"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Business Management IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/64904f6cc5c419001367942a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Netflix password sharing:</a> Through this topic, you could explore the extent to which Netflix's decision to stop password sharing between users affected its brand image and sales.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/6203fcb959dfc50013182c98" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Employee attrition rate:</a> In this topic, you could look into how a company could reduce its employee attrition rate, by making it more attractive to stay in the company rather than leave.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/61262c12c7828e0013ce1e8a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Number of manufacturing units:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore whether it would be beneficial for a company to open additional manufacturing units in more locations to maximize profit.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/5ff1e66897f035fd691a3957" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Increasing Amazon Go Stores:</a> Through this analysis, you could look into whether opening more Amazon Go stores is a good business decision since it gives customers the option to shop in-person rather than only online.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/647f35fec713060013a31fc2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Microsoft Bing and AI:</a> Within this topic, you could explore the extent to which making Microsoft Bing more AI-powered could increase Microsoft's profitability.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/647f3663c713060013a31fc6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Corporate social responsibility:</a> Looking at this topic, you could determine whether a company should focus more on corporate social responsibility initiatives to improve brand awareness and profits.&nbsp;</li><li>&nbsp;<a href="/ia/business-and-management/647f36d4c713060013a31fc9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Online retailing:</a> In this topic, you could investigate whether it is more beneficial for a company to have in-person stores or to move their business fully online.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/62d2f60fefe3ca0013f9a35c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Phone pricing:</a> Through this study, you can determine whether the pricing strategy used by Apple to sell iPhones is effective in making sales of iPhones increase. This can also be applied to other phone companies such as Samsung, Lenovo, etc.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/62d654b5efe3ca0013f9a893" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Merger between phone companies:</a> Looking at this topic, you can analyze how the merger between two phone companies affected the profitability of the merged company within a country.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/5f8fd8d7d9485e7b2d9ef35c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Expansion of Lyft services:</a> Through this investigation, you could explore whether it would be beneficial for Lyft to expand its services outside North America so it can compete with Uber and increase profits.&nbsp;&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/5f424667e41e2324f57468c2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Expansion of a company:</a> In this topic, you could look into whether a company has future potential for expansion in a particular country or if the market is saturated.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/622cdeca9a37d700138c33fa" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">iPhone headphone jack:</a> Within this topic, you could explore how Apple’s decision to permanently remove the headphone jack from the iPhone has affected their customer satisfaction and profits.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/5f7d027c356a187b1bb87a37" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Market share analysis:</a> Exploring this idea, you could determine how a regional music streaming service's market share will be affected by the introduction of Spotify to the region.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/62d97684e042a500150f40f6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Carbon-neutral airlines:</a> Through this topic, you can investigate whether an airline's initiative in being carbon-neutral has affected its operations and profitability.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/62c7cf8ab6479f0013a50aac" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Earlier operating time:</a> In this exploration, you could look into whether a business should have longer hours of operation by opening earlier in the day to see if this increases sales and profit.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/62d866367ded760014fe7100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">New units of transport:</a> Within this study, you could determine if a transport company should invest in buying more units of transport such as trucks, to improve profit.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/616e54ef14211400137e1fbf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Changing leadership style:</a> Through this investigation, you could explore if changing the leadership style within a company could improve employee motivation.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/62ccf1149636f50014730b12" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Hiring permanent workers:</a> Exploring this topic, you could look into whether a company should hire more permanent workers to improve the management of costs of production and hence improve profitability.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/62fba6fa56123f00132eca93" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Expansion into international markets:</a> In this topic, you could explore how a company's marketing strategies have effectively enabled them to penetrate and expand into international markets.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/62ed3ec92a89a40013e70576" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Benefits of acquisition:</a> Within this study, you could look into how the acquisition of a smaller company by a larger one could have benefits for both companies involved.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/5ffe3472e175f502d6a992a1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Globalization of a company:</a> Through this topic, you could analyze the efforts taken by a company to improve its global network and if this has been beneficial for the company's profits.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/61433b64e7d76100138e2bfc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Marketing during the pandemic:</a> In this topic, you could look into how a company changed their marketing strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic to increase its market share and boost product sales.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/5ffe34efe175f502d6a992aa" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Company goals analysis:</a> Within this analysis, you could explore how effectively a company is meeting its sales and profitability goals in a certain market.&nbsp;</li><li>&nbsp;<a href="/ia/business-and-management/5ffe34a7e175f502d6a992a4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Marketing of a product line:</a> Through this topic, you could analyze how effectively a company marketed a specific product line based on sales and profitability of the product line.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>&nbsp;<a href="/ia/business-and-management/636a0b5a149ad00013b9fc05" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Employee motivation:</a> In this study, you could explore the financial or non-financial incentives that could increase employee efficiency within a company.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/63699edd149ad00013b9fa7b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Improving sustainability:</a> Looking into this topic, you could analyze whether a company could improve environmental sustainability through partnerships with sustainable organizations, for example by making fully recyclable products.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/6006dfcfbe2ee3d912d0cc8a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Qatar blockade:</a> In this topic, you could explore how the 2017 blockade on Qatar affected the profitability of Qatar Airways, as compared to previous years.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>&nbsp;<a href="/ia/business-and-management/62ec11672a89a40013e70385" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Changing HR strategies:</a> Within this study, you could look into how a company changed their Human Resource strategies in various countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/6188fc0f4a61a20013fdcd6c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Changes in organizational structure:</a> Through this topic, you could analyze whether a company should change their organizational structure to improve productivity.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/business-and-management/6305ba3ea315bb0013dc5990" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Resolving stakeholder conflicts:</a> Looking into this topic, you could investigate how a company resolved stakeholder conflicts by raising the employees' internal minimum wage.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/business-and-management" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">business management</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!&nbsp;

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A comprehensive list of 30 business management IA internal assessment topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own topic. 

Business Management IA Topic Ideas + Examples

English A (Lit) HL Essay

Do you need to start working on your English A Literature HL essay soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Look no further, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with multiple HL essay ideas with examples to help you get started. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track throughout your HL essay writing process. No matter what aspect of English literature you are interested in, the suggestions below are sure to have something that suits your needs!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Identity &amp; gender", "Literary devices", "Human experience &amp; emotion", "Existential exploration", "Setting &amp; society"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">English A Literature HL Essay Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/64b586fb3770b4001285d345" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Femininity and fear:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore how Keats constructs images of femininity to express fear in his Odes.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/64ca8fcf7357250012734dd2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Religious imagery:</a> Within this analysis, you can explore how Kafka utilises religious imagery to reject ideas of human superiority in "The Metamorphosis".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/62d865d87ded760014fe70fd" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Abjection of the feminine:</a> Through this topic, you can look at what Humbert’s abjection of the feminine in Nabokov's "Lolita" reveals about his own existence.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/62e16ea9f3cb8f00139039af" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Nature of loss:</a> Looking at this topic, you can explore how literary devices such as detached narration, structure, and symbolism are used to describe the nature of loss in Elizabeth Bishop’s poetry, such as in works like "Sestina", "The Weed", and "One Art".&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/6314e6d2d7b5030014e0d179" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Absurdism:</a> In this exploration, you can look at how Albert Camus uses the characterisation of Meursault to present him as a vehicle of absurdism in "The Outsider".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/633a7b172088dc0013708030" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Narrator characterization:</a> Within this analysis, you can investigate how the characterisation of the narrator affects the reader’s perception of narrative conclusions in Kurt Vonnegut’s "Cat’s Cradle".</li></ol>&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<ol start="7"><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/63c9e0802e34e2001341c253" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Natural world imagery:</a> Through this topic, you could explore the depiction and significance of natural world imagery in Malouf's lyrical novel "Fly Away Peter".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/63f72fd88fac8600148a879a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Spiritual metamorphosis:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore the level of importance Malouf places on the landscape during Ovid’s spiritual metamorphosis while exiled in Tomis in "An Imaginary Life".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/6331205923583a0013009ed2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Quiet despair:</a> Within this topic, you could analyse Arthur Miller’s portrayal of the quiet desperation of the American family in his play "Death of a Salesman".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/633737edd77add00134d9dfa" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Projection of fear:</a> Through this topic, you could explore how Sophocles' play "Oedipus Rex" tackles the main character Oedipus is used as a mirror to project his fears onto other characters.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/63374156d77add00134d9f21" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Urban and rural lifestyles:</a> In this topic, you could look at how Arthur Miller portrays Willy and Biff’s perpetual dissatisfaction through an exploration of urban and rural lifestyles in "Death of a Salesman".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/62d17b6e8af69200139b4757" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Inevitability of love:</a> Within this exploration, you could analyse how Pablo Neruda’s poems “Sonnet XVII” and “When I Die” use physical and emotional intimacy to depict the inevitability of love.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay/62484021b4c9ac00130afa0b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Construction of identity:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore how El Saadawi constructs the identity of Firdaus throughout "Women at Point Zero".</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;For more HL essay ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your essays, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/english-a-literature-hl-essay" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">English A Literature</a> topics as well as exemplars that you can refer to during your writing process!

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A comprehensive list of 13 English A literature HL essay topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own topic. 

English A Literature HL Essay Topic Ideas + Examples

Your Economics EE deadline is approaching and you don’t know what to choose as your essay’s topic? Don’t worry, Clastify is here to help! We prepared a list of topic ideas and examples for you to get inspired. We are hoping that you will find our suggestions helpful in the writing process.&nbsp; &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Government intervention", "International trade", "Market structures", "Development economics", "Digitalization &amp; economic transformation"]</code></pre><h2 style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-align:center;" dir="ltr">&nbsp;</h2><h2 style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-align:center;" dir="ltr">Economics EE ideas&nbsp; &nbsp;</h2><ol><li><a href="/ee/economics/64a98d95f66fe20013841c64&nbsp;" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Provision of COVID-19 vaccines: </a>The COVID-19 pandemic lea the government to initiate the National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme. The aim was to swiftly vaccinate the majority of Malaysians to save lives, boost the economy, and lower virus transmission risks. The effectiveness of the vaccine provision, analyzed in this study will help gauge its impact on Malaysia's GDP and unemployment rate, guiding future decisions on vaccination strategies during outbreaks. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/64d257265cfe90001277be3a " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Steel cap policy:</a> Within this analysis, you could look at the impact of one country’s policy on global prices of ore iron and how it affected the export quantity of a different country. The market for iron ore is dominated by a few key players. Brazil, the second-largest producer, relies on vast reserves to export significant quantities of iron ore, while China's role as both the largest importer of iron ore and the largest steel producer significantly influences market dynamics. Recent policies in China, such as capping steel output due to environmental concerns, are expected to impact iron ore prices and global economic trends, prompting an analysis of the relationship between Chinese steel production and Brazilian iron ore exports. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/62d3cadeefe3ca0013f9a5c2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Trade war:</a> Through this topic, you could explore how the imposition of import tariffs influenced the export performance of a chosen country.&nbsp;The US - China trade war resulted in bilateral tariffs exceeding billions of dollars, disrupting global trade flows. Both countries suffered economic repercussions, leading to potential opportunities for other nations like Pakistan. China's retaliatory tariffs on American seafood imports led to a decline in U.S. seafood exports to China, creating a gap in supply that Pakistan, a major seafood producer, could potentially fill. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/62e26b9cf3cb8f0013903a9c " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Government policies on cigarette consumption:</a> Within this topic, you could evaluate the effectiveness and impact on stakeholders of different policies aimed at reducing the negative externalities of smoking. The Slovak government and the European Union share a goal to reduce cigarette consumption to 5% by 2040. Hypothesizing that Slovakia's policies may not effectively reduce cigarette consumption due to the addictive nature of smoking, this research evaluated the long-term effects of government interventions on tobacco consumption habits. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/62e4ca921459fa0013b21140" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Market structure: </a>For your EE you could analyse a chosen market to determine its structure taking into account its size, prices, number of firms, product differentiation etc.&nbsp;Ice cream parlors have become prominent in Bratislava, which suggests a growing role for ice cream businesses in urban economy, prompting questions about customer preferences, competition, and market structure. Investigating these dynamics in the Old Town's seasonal ice cream market offers insights into consumer behavior and business strategies amidst limited operating windows and intense competition. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/63350678d77add00134d7cf1 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Microcredits</a>: Microcrediting, pioneered by Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, aims to uplift impoverished individuals by providing small, accessible loans. While traditionally seen as a tool for women's economic empowerment, the effectiveness of microcredits in fostering growth and development, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, is questioned. This research seeks to evaluate the impact of microcredits on women's empowerment and economic development in Dhaka, Bangladesh, before and after the pandemic, offering insights into its role in supporting vulnerable communities in times of crisis and framing developmental strategies for the post-pandemic world. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/63460b7a153d09001469c9d3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Digital modes of payment:</a> If you chose this topic, you could elaborate on to what extent the digital modes of payment substituted cash and what were the spillover effects observed in the chosen country.&nbsp;In case of India, the government advocates to embrace digital payments to remain competitive globally. However, the transition to digital transactions will be a gradual process, with challenges such as acceptance in all markets, particularly rural areas lacking infrastructure. While digitization may lead to lower corruption and economic growth, the shift from cash to digital payments prompts a need to explore the extent and implications of this transformation on India's economy. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/5f802ee7356a187b1bb87a4d">Parental benefit policy</a>: In this analysis, you could look at the effects of introducing parental benefits policy on the standard of living taking into account different factors such as the life expectancy or education index.&nbsp;The Polish "500+" program, providing financial aid to all children without conditions, has garnered public attention and parallels with Universal Basic Income. This topic is significant due to its relevance to modern issues like the aging population, as highlighted by the World Health Organization's projections. Despite its short history and limited research, the "500+" program warrants study as a pioneering family policy instrument with potential implications for broader welfare policies &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">
 CAROUSEL
 </code></pre> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/6185f54aa296080013457e65 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Tax on fat: </a>The fatty food market represents a market failure caused by externalities, asymmetric information and cognitive failure. The author proposes introducing a tax to decrease fatty food consumption. Through this topic, you could analyse how the imposition of such a tax would reduce the healthcare costs of a chosen country and evaluate its impact on different stakeholders.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/6180ec35a296080013457651" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">E-commerce turning point:</a> Looking at this topic, you could discuss how COVID-19 led to a digital transformation resulting in an e-commerce turning point. The competitive landscape in this market has intensified as consumers increasingly prefer the convenience of online shopping over traditional retail experiences. You could support the analysis of a country’s economy with a case study of an e-commerce firm, this extended essay investigated the theoretical and empirical view on the growth of Amazon. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/6307190da315bb0013dc69ea&nbsp;" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Direct taxes</a>: In this analysis, you could determine whether direct taxes are the best way to address the over-consumption of demerit goods and propose complementary policies. This EE investigated the intervention on the sugary drink market taking into consideration the regressive effect on the poor, price elasticity of demand, and effect of asymmetric information. Alternative policies such as the use of legislation, negative ads, and nudges were also considered.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/64d90b136444cd0013a81676 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Russian invasion of Ukraine:</a> &nbsp;Ukraine's invasion by Russia in February 2022 disrupted its grain production and export, causing global grain prices to soar and leading to higher inflation rates worldwide. Farmers in Brandon, Manitoba, Canada, a major wheat and rapeseed producer, were expected to benefit from these events. The research focused on assessing the impact on global agriculture, analyzing economic theories, and gathering insights from interviews with Brandon farmers. This comprehensive approach aimed to understand how supply-side shocks affected grain and oilseed markets and how farmers responded to changes in operating costs and market conditions. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/64a6ce35701b5600139b4128" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Nudges: </a>In this topic from behavioral economics you could assess the effectiveness of gently altering individuals' behavior and compare it to other possible policies.&nbsp;By observing the impact of nudges on student participation at School X, the author determined their effectiveness in promoting engagement and how this may benefit the UK economy by fostering skilled individuals and improving academic outcomes. This investigation seeks to understand whether nudges in a school environment can replicate the success seen in other contexts and contribute to broader economic growth trends, such as increased academic achievement rates. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/64b2f6d63770b400128510a1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Productivity:</a> By deciding on this topic, you could analyze how different factors such as savings influence workers' productivity.&nbsp;The COVID-19 lockdowns saw reports of increased worker productivity, particularly among high-income teleworkers, prompting a closer examination of the neglected home-based garment workers who are often trapped in poverty cycles due to low savings. Investigating the impact of savings on the productivity of home-based garment workers in South Delhi is essential for understanding their economic dynamics and informing policies to support this vulnerable segment of the informal labor force. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/economics/62e382e4389adc00143c64e7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Seasonality:</a> Through this topi,c you could examine the effect of seasonality on a chosen market, its prices and the quantity of products or services sold. Many buyers and sellers face the challenge of determining the optimal timing for transactions to align with their needs and preferences. Seasonality, characterized by fluctuations in market activity at specific times of the year, is a common phenomenon in many real estate markets but may not be universally applicable. Investigating the extent of seasonality in Riga's real estate market is crucial for prospective buyers and sellers to anticipate price fluctuations and make informed investment decisions.</li></ol> For more extended essay ideas head to the Clastify website where you will find the remaining <a href="/ee/economics">economics exemplars</a> that you can refer to in your writing process! Also, check out our <a href="/review" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Review service</a> for constructive feedback on your IB coursework. &nbsp; &nbsp;

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A list of economics extended essay ideas along with examples. Check out for inspiration with your IB coursework. 

Economics EE Topic Ideas + Examples 

Have you got your chemistry IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Do not worry, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous chemistry IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track during the entire IA writing process. Whether you are interested in redox reactions, acids and bases, or any other aspect of chemistry, the suggestions below are sure to have something that fits everyone's tastes!&nbsp;&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Titration &amp; quantitative analysis", "Thermochemistry", "Catalysis &amp; kinetics", "Food chemistry", "Electrochemistry"]</code></pre>&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Chemistry IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/5f33a6475a6f940937f3b668" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Vitamin C content of superfoods:</a> In this topic, you can explore how the time taken to cook superfoods such as kale and broccoli affects the amount of vitamin C that leaches into the water. The amount of vitamin C can be determined through an iodometric titration where the endpoint is indicated by the formation of a blue-black complex.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/612b90df8467cc0014e14932" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Vitamin C content of orange juice:</a> Looking into this, you can explore how the vitamin C content of orange juice changes with temperature since vitamin C can become unstable and degrade at temperatures that are too high.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/5f81a130356a187b1bb87a6c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Enthalpy of combustion of alcohols:</a> In this topic, you could investigate how the enthalpy of combustion of an alcohol changes as the chain length increases, or the differences in the enthalpy of combustion between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/5fbfc909dce13d1e0f9f2c8d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Relationship between buffering capacity and temperature:</a> Exploring this topic, you could look at how the buffering capacity of a bicarbonate-carbonate buffer changes as the temperature changes. This is important, especially in pH-sensitive systems like blood.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/5feb60529a039f727a1d1d3c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Calcium content of vegetables:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore how the calcium content of different vegetables varies as the temperature they are cooked at changes, using a complexometric titration with Eriochroe Black T indicator.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/60db34ffa1e37b00120e4012" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effectiveness of antacids:</a> In this topic, you could research the effectiveness of different brands of antacids by measuring how well they can neutralize a certain acid, for example, 0.5M hydrochloric acid. This gives an idea of how well they can neutralize excess stomach acids.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/5feb561c9a039f727a1d1d2d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Oxygen-carrying capacity of water:</a> Exploring this, you could use Winkler's method to investigate how the percent salinity of water affects its oxygen-carrying capacity, which could be useful when studying aquatic life.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/61157b2dc7828e0013ce16b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Hardness of tap water:</a> By looking at this topic, you could analyze the temporary hardness of water at different temperatures using a complexometric titration with an Eriochrome Black T indicator to quantify the concentration of dissolved ions in water.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/62c982e446d23c0013b67340" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Catalysts and activation energy:</a> Exploring this, you could look at how different inorganic or transition metals catalyze reactions at different rates. This can be measured by determining which catalyst brings about the greatest decrease in the activation energy of the reaction.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/5f3e1fc87689b97d77f268af" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Movement of aspirin through a membrane:</a> In this topic, you could explore how the rate at which aspirin moves through a membrane changes with time, which could simulate how aspirin moves through membranes in the body.&nbsp;</li></ol><pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<ol start="11"><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/64aaee85f66fe20013845146" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Caffeine content of tea:</a> Through this topic, you can quantify the caffeine content of different brands of tea by extracting a tea solution with dichloromethane.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/5feb61029a039f727a1d1d3f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Oxidation and conductivity:</a> Through this experiment, you could look at how the conductivity of a solution changes the longer it is left to oxidize, which can be measured through the changes in current passing through the solution over time.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/60391553dfa68a00127f7367" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Melting ice cubes with salt:</a> In this topic, you could investigate which form of salt such as calcium chloride, sodium chloride, etc. could be the most effective at melting an ice cube. This could have applications such as choosing the best compound for salting roads during winter.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/5ff1e76997f035fd691a395e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Heat of combustion of plant-based oils:</a> By looking at this, you can explore how plant-based oils such as olive, sunflower, and coconut oil differ in their heat of combustion, which is directly related to the number of saturated and unsaturated bonds they contain.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/62969e6a5005bb0013d0da96" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Light from glow sticks:</a> Through this topic, you can explore how temperature can affect the duration of which a glowstick produces light.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/60ed71fec86af60012ff9c3e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effectiveness of sports drinks:</a> Exploring this topic, you could investigate which brand of sports drink is the most beneficial to athletes by conducting electrolysis to determine the electrical conductivity of each brand of drink.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/62e652a81459fa0013b21392" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Concentration of chlorine in swimming pools:</a> In this topic, you could look into how the concentration of free chlorine in swimming pools changes when different concentrations of cyanuric acid are added, and also look into how this affects samples with and without urea.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/60de38a9acad2000125b5158" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Caffeine as an enzyme inhibitor:</a> In this topic, you could explore how different concentrations of caffeine inhibit lipase enzymes in the hydrolysis of triglycerides.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/632a0fd223583a001300646d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Electroplating:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore how the mass of the anode and cathode changes during electroplating as the voltage applied changes.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/64a6f46b701b5600139b42a9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Calcium in milk:</a> In this topic, you could investigate how heating milk to different temperatures affects the amount of calcium present in the milk, determined using a complexometric titration with EDTA.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/64a6f46b701b5600139b42a9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Calcium in toothpaste analysis: </a>Through this topic, you could explore the calcium carbonate contents of different brands of toothpaste to see which one has more calcium. You could also conduct trials at different temperatures to simulate how different people brush their teeth in different temperatures of water, which could affect the solubility of calcium.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/631d51600394b4001338c599" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Hydrolysis of aspirin:</a> In this topic, you could look into how changing the pH could affect the amount of salicylic acid synthesised from the hydrolysis of aspirin.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/62d92643e042a500150f3efb" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Iodine content of oil:</a> Looking into this topic, you could use Wijs' method to determine how the iodine content of plant oils varies between the type of plant used to make the oil, such as olive, canola, flaxseed etc.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/62d81cb77ded760014fe708f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Antioxidant effects of rosemary:</a> Through this topic, you could investigate whether adding rosemary oil before frying other oils affects the rancidity of the oils fried, as determined by the peroxide value of the oils.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/6225e06c75ecaa001479c975" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ethanol-gasoline fuel mixtures:</a> In this topic, you could explore how increasing the ratio of ethanol to gasoline affects the enthalpy of combustion of the fuel mixture, which can be measured through a water calorimeter experiment.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/617a7feea2960800134568ae" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Iron content of tablets:</a> Exploring this topic, you can measure the amount of iron in different brands of iron tablets to see which one gives consumers the most benefits.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/61ef7f2d61e03900139436f2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Detergent power of soap:</a> Through this topic, you could look into how well a soap or detergent can remove oil or grease as the pH of the soap is changed.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/63f5ddd78fac8600148a520f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Acid in soft drinks:</a> Exploring this topic, you could investigate different brands of soft drinks to quantify the amount of phosphoric acid that they contain, which could be useful to determine their health impacts on the body after consumption.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/64a6c078295ecb00139efd10" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Iodized salt analysis:</a> In this topic, you could investigate how changing the temperature of a salt solution of iodized NaCl affects the amount of iodine released, which can be measured using an iodometric titration.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/chemistry/63441222153d090014699929" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rate of reaction studies:</a> Through this topic, you could explore how changing the temperature of hydrochloric acid affects its rate of reaction with different metals such as zinc, for example. This can be measured by looking at the volume of hydrogen released over a period of time.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ol>For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/chemistry" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">chemistry</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!

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A comprehensive list of 30 chemistry IA internal assessment topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own topic. 

Chemistry IA Topic Ideas + Examples

Have you got your biology IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Don't fret, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous biology IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track during the entire IA writing process. Whether you are interested in plants, animals or any other aspect of biology, the suggestions below are sure to have something that suits your needs!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Enzyme activity &amp; digestion", "Yeast respiration", "Plant physiology", "Food chemistry", "Human biology"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Biology IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3>A. Unity and Diversity&nbsp;</h3>&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/biology/5f7d00db356a187b1bb87a31" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rate of protein digestion:</a> In this topic, you can explore the enzyme-inhibiting effects of coffee by measuring the rate of protein digestion when different concentrations of coffee are used to hydrolyze the protein albumin, which is found in eggs.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/616023adb2290c0013be4fdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Catalase enzyme activity:</a> Within this topic, you could look at how the enzyme activity of catalase in liver samples changes as the temperature is increased, measured by the height of foam produced over the sample.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/64a8bf8e701b5600139b57ef" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Lactase activity:</a> Looking at this topic, you can explore how the rate of lactase activity changes as the concentration of lactose is changed upon dilution with water. The rate of lactase activity can be measured by how fast glucose is produced.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/6177cfa8610b2000132381b2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Hydrolysis of casein:</a> Through this idea, you could look at how increasing the temperature affects the hydrolysis of casein by zingipain, measured by using a colorimeter to measure the absorbance of green light.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>&nbsp;<a href="/ia/biology/618aa437e45d510013e2e4dd" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Preventing browning of apples:</a> Through this topic, you can explore how different concentrations of lemon juice added to blended apple samples can slow down the rate of enzymatic browning of apples.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/60291af6aebe0e001299019c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Sugar solution and respiration of yeast: </a>Looking at this topic, you could investigate how changing the type of sugar solution used (such as glucose, fructose, etc.) affects the rate of anaerobic respiration of yeast.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/63037fa7774a290013d612db" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">pH and respiration of yeast:</a> In this topic, you could analyze how changing the pH affects the rate of respiration of yeast, which can be measured by looking at the amount of CO2 produced over a period of time.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/62b4dac140b1e2001511aa30" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Growth rate of yeast:</a> In this topic, you can look at how changing the distance of a UV lamp from yeast affects its growth rate, as measured by the amount of carbon dioxide produced.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">B. Form and Function</h3>&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/biology/60c91f69c5fe7a0013580f72" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Osmosis simulation:</a> Through this exploration, you can look at how changing the sodium chloride concentration affects the rate of mass change of potato strips, which simulates how osmosis occurs due to salts in living organisms.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/612c04d3448f550014cc4098" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Protein content of milk:</a> Exploring this topic, you can compare the amount of protein in plant-based milk (such as almond, soy, and rice milk) and animal milk (such as cow and goat milk) to determine which one gives consumers more protein.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/5ff1e46d97f035fd691a3950" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ascorbic acid in peppers and onions: </a>Through this analysis, you could research how the amount of ascorbic acid in bell peppers and onions varies based on the colour of the bell peppers and onions (yellow, red, and green bell peppers, and yellow, red, and white onions).&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/6167e56a82a3370013ec7445" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Energy content of chocolate bars:</a> In this topic, you could compare the energy content of different brands of chocolate bars by measuring the energy change of water when the chocolate bar is burned.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/6308c12aa315bb0013dc891d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rice soaking:</a> In this topic, you could investigate how increasing the number of hours that rice is soaked can affect the amount of arsenic left behind in the rice, which has implications for human health.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/638cfcdd5573ed0013c454b5" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Absorption of iron:</a> Within this topic, you could research how increasing the concentration of tannic acid affects the amount of iron absorbed in 20 minutes. This simulates green tea, in which tannins are commonly found, so you could explore if green tea could help with iron absorption.&nbsp;</li><li>&nbsp;<a href="/ia/biology/62e27f34f3cb8f0013903aaa" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mass of clam shells:</a> In this topic, you can research how changing the pH affects the mass of clam shells since the shells are made of calcium carbonate, which will react under acidic conditions.</li></ol>&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">C. Interaction and Interdependence</h3>&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/biology/62969faf5005bb0013d0da9a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rate of photosynthesis:</a> In this topic, you can look into how the rate of photosynthesis of plants changes as the concentration of sodium bicarbonate is increased, as well as find the optimum amount of sodium bicarbonate that gives the greatest rate of photosynthesis.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/6506e77d9c99ab39667a5ffa" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Potassium chloride and germination:</a> In this investigation, you could explore how increasing the concentration of potassium chloride could affect the rate of germination of a plant.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/62a7825ee115f10013807cc9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Germinability of plants: </a>Through this experiment, you can explore how using different types of tea, such as chamomile, dandelion, nettle, etc,. can affect the germination success of plants over a certain time period.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/62e3d149389adc00143c65e2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Hydrogen peroxide and germination:</a> Through this topic, you could explore how increasing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide affects the rate of germination of plants, by measuring the length of the radicals.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/5feb4c599a039f727a1d1d21" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">UV radiation and germination:</a> In this topic, you could explore how changing the duration that UV-B radiation is shone on plants can affect their success of germination, which simulates the effects of the natural UV rays that plants are exposed to from the Sun.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/6258bbb5b4c9ac00130b12ad" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pesticides and bacteria:</a> Through this topic, you can look at how increasing the amount of pesticides applied to a soil sample can affect the rate of bacterial growth in the soil.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/6307c9e0a315bb0013dc81db" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Detergent and leaf health:</a> Within this topic, you could research how the chlorophyll A and B content of a plant varies as the concentration of powdered detergent in the irrigation solution used to water the plant is increased.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/61731128610b200013237c16" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effects of mouthwash:</a> In this exploration, you can study the effects of different types of active ingredients in mouthwash (such as brine, peroxide, etc.) on their ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/5f9de5ad4dee0546b4269e58" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Velocity of water and shrimp:</a> In this exploration, you could look at how changing the velocity of water affects the abundance of freshwater shrimp present in a certain location.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/610166f081ca76001270691c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Carbon stock in mangroves: </a>Through this topic, you can look at whether there is a significant difference in the carbon stock of trees commonly found in mangroves, to see which one sequesters carbon the best.</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">D. Continuity and Change</h3>&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/biology/6306073ea315bb0013dc5eb1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Reaction time studies:</a> In this topic, you could explore how the reaction time to a visual stimulus changes as the age of the participants of the study increases.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/6363b5b098efe90013175c01" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Muscle development and sleep:</a> Through this experiment, you can explore how the number of hours of sleep a person gets correlates to the amount of muscle development that the person has.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/63c3fcaef18f2200138b76dc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Hypertension mortality rate:</a> In this exploration, you can analyze the relationship between the Human Development Index and mortality rate due to hypertension, which can give an indication of how factors like education and income can affect mortality rates within a country.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/62d2e317efe3ca0013f9a348" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Field of vision studies:</a> Through this topic, you could look at how a person's binocular field of vision can be impacted by their interpupillary distance. You could analyze different age groups to see how vision changes as people age.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/biology/62eac5ccdbc31c00130afeeb" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Neurodegenerative health:</a> Looking at this topic, you can explore if there is a correlation between the amount of coffee consumed and the risk of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, across different countries.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website, where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/biology" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Biology</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!

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A comprehensive list of 30 biology IA  internal assessment topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own topic. 

Biology IA Topic Ideas + Examples

Have you got your physics IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Do not worry, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous physics IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track during the entire IA writing process. Whether you are interested in waves and oscillations, electricity, or any other aspect of physics, the suggestions below are sure to have something that fits everyone's tastes!&nbsp;&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Refractive index", "Mechanics &amp; motion", "Pendulums and oscillation", "Electrical properties", "Fluid dynamics"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Physics IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/physics/64b01849b38ec100134b72b7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Refractive index of water:</a> In this topic, you could look at how the refractive index of water changes as the temperature of the water is changed.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/64d90d366444cd0013a81680" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The surface area of a paper plane:</a> Through this exploration, you could determine how the surface area of a paper plane's wings affects its horizontal displacement when launched from a certain height.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/65085ce09c99ab3966e07a51" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The surface area of a liquid:</a> Within this topic, you could explore how the surface area of a liquid affects its rate of evaporation.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/64ac881cb2d6120012fbad81" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Bass guitar strings:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore how the tension of a bass guitar string affects the frequency squared of the note it emits. This can also be applied to other string instruments such as violins, cellos, ukuleles, etc.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/64d604f86444cd0013a79608" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Resistance of copper coils:</a> In this exploration, you could analyze how changing the experimental temperature changes the resistance of copper coils that are connected in a series. This can be measured by submerging the coils in water at different temperatures.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/62e9f183879294001428e1b4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Specific heat capacity of water:</a> Through this experiment, you can determine how changing the sodium chloride concentration of water can affect its specific heat capacity.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/64a71ca2701b5600139b4389" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The surface area of a parachute:</a> Looking at this topic, you could determine how changing the surface area of a parachute affects the time that the parachute takes to descend to the ground.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/64ef58c68e40ddeade42f77c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Moment of inertia:</a> Within this exploration, you could analyze how the height of an inclined plane affects the moment of inertia of an object rolling down the inclined plane.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/64ad59f4e3b31a00131a03e4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Diameter of a hollow cylinder:</a> In this topic, you could determine how the diameter of a hollow cylinder affects the time taken for it to roll down an inclined plane.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/64a6ed1b701b5600139b4265" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pendulum damping:</a> Through this topic, you could look at how the mass of a pendulum bob affects its damping, as measured by the angular amplitude after 10 oscillations.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<ol start="11"><li><a href="/ia/physics/62f66174bf877e0013714ab5" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Drag coefficient of a ball:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze how the drag coefficient of a ball at terminal velocity changes as the mass of the ball is changed.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/62fba76756123f00132eca97" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Capacitor discharge:</a> Within this exploration, you could look at how the rate at which a capacitor discharges is affected by the total added resistance of the resistors in the circuit.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/62c815adb6479f0013a50b07" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rate of cooling:</a> In this topic, you can look at how the rate of cooling of water is influenced by the volume of water present in the container.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/62ee5d782a89a40013e706bd" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cooling and cup thickness:</a> Within this topic, you could look at how the rate at which liquid cools in a cup changes as the thickness of the cup is changed.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/62fd02d856123f00132ecf10" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Elasticity of a football:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate how changing the internal pressure of a football affects its rebound height, which gives an indication of the ball's elasticity by measuring the consecutive coefficients of restitution.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/62f124ef2a89a40013e70ac3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Reboud of a tennis ball:</a> Within this topic, you could analyze how the thickness of a layer of sand on a tennis court affects the rebound height of the tennis ball.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/63bb646128e2540013c16e45" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Power of solar panels:</a> Through this topic, you could analyze how factors such as light intensity, angle, lux and distance to the light source affect the power generated by a solar panel.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/6393b3155573ed0013c5186d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Sky lantern analysis:</a> In this exploration, you could determine how changing the volume of a sky lantern affects its lift force, as measured using a pull sensor.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/63cfdee05fa206001390b580" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Refractive index and pH:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate how the pH value of a solution can affect its refractive index.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/6336a1a2d77add00134d85ab" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Electrical conductivity of a pencil:</a> Through this topic, you could analyze how the graphite content of a pencil affects its electrical conductivity.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/63e79836e1386a0014009154" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Period of a pendulum:</a> Within this analysis, you could determine how changing the initial amplitude of a pendulum bob affects the period of oscillation.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/63bd0823d20b8d00132623b5" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Distance travelled by a projectile:</a> In this topic, you could look at how the distance travelled by a projectile changes as the initial launch angle of the projectile is changed.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/63e22dc5e1386a00140062ff" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Spin rate of a hydroelectric generator:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore how the height difference between the water source and the turbine affects the spin rate of the turbine, measured in rotations per second.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/6323205f0394b4001338e101" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Static coefficient of friction: </a>Within this exploration, you could determine how changing the temperature of a lubricant affects its static coefficient of friction.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/6205223f59dfc50013182e6b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Investigating Toricelli's Law:</a> In this topic, you could explore how changing the height to which water is filled in a bottle affects the horizontal distance that the water travels from a hole made on the side of the bottle.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/60ec0764c86af60012ff9b72" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Refractive index of sugar solutions:</a> Through this analysis, you could look at how changing the concentration of sugar in a sugar solution affects the refractive index of the solution.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/611f04c4c7828e0013ce1b08" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Collision of a cart:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze how changing the bumper length of a cart affects its ability to decrease the peak force on the cart when it undergoes a collision.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/62d180948af69200139b4775" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Surface tension of water:</a> In this exploration, you could look at how adding different masses of salt to deionized water can affect the surface tension of the water.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/612b90948467cc0014e14930" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Standing waves on a string:</a> Within this topic, you could analyze how increasing the mass hanging on a string affects the number of standing wave nodes formed on the string when it is vibrated at a constant frequency.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/physics/64b58e033770b4001285d356" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Determining Planck's constant:</a> Through this experiment, you could determine Planck's constant by investigating how the wavelength of light emitted by different light-emitting diodes changes as their threshold voltage changes.&nbsp;</li></ol>For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/physics" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">physics</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!

A comprehensive list of 30 physics IA  topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own internal assessment topic. 

Physics IA Topic Ideas + Examples

History

Have you got your history IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Do not worry, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous history IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track throughout your IA writing process. Whether you are interested in ancient kingdoms, empires, or any other aspect of history, the suggestions below are sure to have something that suits your needs!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Feminist movements &amp; revolutions", "Civil rights", "World wars", "Foreign policy &amp; conflicts", "Historical political interventions"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">History IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/history/5f8c7f4a356a187b1bb87a9e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Feminist movements:</a> In this topic, you could explore the extent of success of protofeminist movements during the French Revolution in achieving equality between both sexes. You could also analyze the role of feminism in other significant revolutions throughout history.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/62a73ad7e115f10013807c69" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Black Power and Civil Rights:</a> Through this topic, you can look at how the Black Power movement affected the Civil Rights movement that occurred in the 1960s, and whether it led to the decline of the Civil Rights movement.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/64cb3ff2735725001273d80f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Annexation of Hawaii: </a>By looking at this topic, you could analyze the significance of Hawaii's reciprocity treaty with the USA in 1875 on the annexation of Hawaii in 1898.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/620270ce59dfc500131829b3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">1992 Knesset elections:</a> Within this topic, you could look at how significant the outcome of the 1992 Knesset elections was for Israel, when signing the Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements in 1993.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/617fe484a2960800134572f0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Women in the labour force:</a> In this exploration, you could look at the extent of which World War II led to women becoming a permanent part of the workforce.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/61157b80c7828e0013ce16b2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">African-Americans in the Vietnam War:</a> Through this topic, you could explore how the experience gained by African-Americans in the Vietnam War affected the radicalization of the Civil War in the 1960s in the USA.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/62d54699efe3ca0013f9a77f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Hundred Flowers campaign:</a> Exploring this topic, you could analyze if Mao Zedong's 'Hundred Flowers' campaign was actually implemented to allow more freedom of speech or not.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/6166ab8e82a3370013ec7317" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Attack on Pearl Harbour:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore whether the USA's foreign policy played a role in the attack on Pearl harbour by the Japanese.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/5ffbde9f9331b1d2494bf3f2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Economic Impact of the Great Depression:</a> In this exploration, you could investigate the extent to which the Dawes and Young plans affected the German economy during the Great Depression.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/6215be55d989e30013a774aa" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">US intervention in the Korean War:</a> Through this topic, you could explore the extent to which the support given by the US was towards South Korea instead of North Korea.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<ol start="11"><li><a href="/ia/history/62e5b43c1459fa0013b21315" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Operation Barbarossa:</a> Within this topic, you could determine the extent to which poor tactical planning during Operation Barbarossa was the result of Nazi failure in the USSR between 1941-1943.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/62e6e4541459fa0013b21559" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Jim Crow laws:</a> Through this topic, you could analyze the extent to which the Brown versus Board of Education trial outcome affected the removal of the Jim Crow laws in the USA.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/6303bbde774a290013d6137e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Italian architecture:</a> Looking at this topic, you could research if fascist ideologies present in Italy affected Italian architecture between 1925 and 1943.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/62cea4f09636f50014730cf4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mongol invasions of Eurasia:</a> Within this topic, you could explore the extent to which the Mongol invasions of Eurasia between 1250 and 1345 had an impact on the positive socio-economic development in the region.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/630606f9a315bb0013dc5eaf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Spanish Civil War:</a> In this topic, you could analyze the extent to which &nbsp;German intervention during the Spanish Civil war affected the outcome of the conflict.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/64ac19bff66fe2001384b395" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">FDR government intervention:</a> Through this topic, you could look at how the government intervention by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt contributed towards the end of the Great Depression in the USA.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/610af2e781ca760012706f47" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Influence of Catholicism:</a> In this exploration, you could look at the influence of Argentine Catholicism and the Catholic Church on the Revolución Libertadora of 1955.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/6202de4f59dfc50013182a93" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Universal medical insurance in France:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore how the role played by Raymond Poincaré set the basis for universal medical insurance and education in France.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/6314e7e3d7b5030014e0d17d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cuban missile crisis:</a> Within this topic, you could investigate how the outcome of the Cuban missile crises contributed towards the remoal of Khrushchev in 1964.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/64aad4d6f66fe20013844f18" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Hiroshima and Nagasaki:</a> In this topic, you could look into whether the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were necessary in order to end the second World War.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/610b523281ca760012706f64" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rivalry due to atomic bombs:</a> Through this investigation, you could analyze the extent to which atomic bombs dropped by the US accelerated the rivalry between the US and the Soviet Union in 1945.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/61569be2f385a20013021a17" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">US presence in Afghanistan:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore if the intervention of the US in Afghanistan was beneficial for Afghanistan's economic, social, political dynamics.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/6185bbe5a296080013457e35" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Conquest of the Sassanid Empire:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate the extent to which the strength of the Arab army affected their ability to conquer the Sassanid Empire in 633-656 AD).&nbsp;</li><li>I<a href="/ia/history/63ca8ef82e34e2001341d06a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">mmigration of Jews:</a> Through this topic, you could analyze the extent that President Truman's policies between 1945-1953 affected the immigration of Jews to the US who were affected by the Holocaust.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/619e6baf9ee7080013a7b289" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Growth of labour unions:</a> In this exploration, you could explore the extent to which both Red Scares affected the growth of labour unions in the US.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/61134a6cc7828e0013ce1575" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Suez Crisis:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze how the Suez Crisis of 1956 affected Britain's foreign relations.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/60ed7269c86af60012ff9c40" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effectiveness of the Tiger II tank:</a> Through this topic, you could explore how the disadvantages of the Tiger II tank affected its effectiveness and performance during the latter stages of World War II.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/64affcb1b38ec100134b4806" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NATO intervention:</a> In this topic, you could look at the extent to which the intervention of NATO in the Libyan Civil War was based on humanitarian grounds.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/63c6fce0dbb839001334cd23" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Plaza Miranda bombing:</a> Within this topic, you could explore the extent to which Ferdinand Marcos was responsible for the 1971 Plaza Miranda Bombing.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/history/64ef57338e40ddeade4290cc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Chernobyl disaster:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze the role of the Chernobyl diaster in the collapse of the Soviet Union.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/history" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">history</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!

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A comprehensive list of 30 history IA internal assessment topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own topic. 

History IA Topic Ideas + Examples

Is your History EE stressing you out? Don't worry, the key is to choose an interesting topic and there is a great variety of historical events that you can investigate. We prepared a list with our propositions and examples of History extended essays that you can refer to in the writing process. &nbsp; &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Nazi Germany &amp; Jews", "Yugoslavia &amp; Nationalism", "Arab-Israeli War &amp; Whitehall", "Roman Republic &amp; Ambition", "Napoleon &amp; French Campaign in Russia"]</code></pre><h2 style="text-align:center;">&nbsp;</h2><h2 style="text-align:center;">History EE ideas &nbsp;</h2><ol><li><a href="/ee/history/6505d4ee851de0a027e5c051" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Nuremberg trials: </a>After World War II, the Allies faced the task of dealing with senior Nazis responsible for the war's atrocities. This essay seeks to explore the due process afforded to the defendants in the Nuremberg Trials. Despite the heinous nature of the crimes, ensuring fair due process was crucial for upholding the rule of law and preventing future atrocities. The analysis examines various components of the process, including the tribunal, defense preparation, and proceedings, utilizing primary and secondary sources to evaluate the extent to which these rights were respected. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/62ebc16d2a89a40013e702bd" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The exclusion of Jews from German society (1933-1938):</a> Adolf Hitler's rise to power marked the beginning of significant persecution against Jews, leading to the Holocaust. While anti-Semitism existed before the Nazi regime, Hitler's regime escalated persecution to unprecedented levels, aiming to limit Jewish influence and ultimately create a Germany without Jews. This investigation examines the role of legal measures in excluding Jews from German society from 1933 to 1938. By analyzing primary and secondary sources, including legislation, speeches, and historians' perspectives, the essay evaluates various factors contributing to the systematic exclusion of Jews.<span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/64bbdd7550e28d00131698ee" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dissolution of Yugoslavia: </a>The dissolution of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s led to significant turmoil, resulting in the emergence of six independent republics. This essay seeks to explore the causes behind Yugoslavia's breakup, emphasizing the role of nationalism alongside other political, economic, and international crises. While nationalism and ethnic conflicts are often cited as primary factors, it's essential to acknowledge the complex interplay of internal and external forces contributing to Yugoslavia's dissolution. Internal factors such as political instability, economic disparities, and the weakening of central authority, coupled with external influences like the end of the Cold War, collectively fueled nationalist sentiments and separatist movements.<span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/64b57b063770b4001285d32a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Gender and sexuality in the Weimar Republic:</a> David James Prickett and Laurie Marhoefer present contrasting views on queer liberation in Weimar Germany. &nbsp;This investigation examines the extent of queer liberation in Weimar Germany, supporting Marhoefer's assertion that while progress was made, many queer individuals still faced limitations and challenges. By analyzing openly queer culture, the policing of queer identities, legal rights, and internal issues within queer activism, the investigation sheds light on the complexities of queer experiences during this period of relative freedom followed by Nazi oppression.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/64a7156f701b5600139b436f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Genocide of Srebrenica: </a>The dissolution of Yugoslavia led to the devastating Yugoslav Wars, notably the Bosnian War, characterized by ethnic and religious tensions. Srebrenica, a predominantly Muslim municipality, was besieged by Serbian forces led by Ratko Mladić, resulting in famine and genocide. The UN declared Srebrenica a "safe area," deploying peacekeeping forces, initially by Canadian soldiers and later by Dutch battalions. Despite their presence, the massacre occurred in July 1995, prompting an investigation into the roles of the UN, Dutchbat, and NATO. Primary and secondary sources, including reports from the Netherlands Institute for War Documentation and the UN, alongside interviews with survivors like Hasan Nuhanović, were utilized to assess individual responsibilities for the failure to prevent the Srebrenica massacre. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/62d54220efe3ca0013f9a76d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">German defeat in the Battle of Stalingrad:</a> The Battle of Stalingrad, fought from August 1942 to February 1943, was a pivotal struggle between German and Soviet forces. Stalingrad's industrial significance and symbolic value made it a focal point of the war. Historians debate the reasons for the German defeat, attributing it to a combination of German failures, Soviet resilience, and external factors. This paper seeks to investigate the extent to which German defeat was a result of their own shortcomings, examining tactical failures, leadership errors, and Hitler's indecision. Understanding the causes of the German defeat at Stalingrad is crucial due to its profound impact on the course of World War II. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/62e5b2671459fa0013b2130f">Arab-Israeli War: </a>The 1948 Arab-Israeli War commenced on May 15th after the British Mandate for Palestine ended. Arab armies invaded territories designated for the Arab state under the UN Partition Plan. Historians debate the war's causes, focusing on Arab-Israeli rivalry, inter-Arab relations, and Great Power involvement. This paper investigates Whitehall intervention as a key factor, examining policies favoring Jews over Arabs, leading to Arab mobilization. Understanding Whitehall's role can shed light on the conflict's origins and its lasting impact on the Middle East. &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/62ebe1812a89a40013e70322" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Finnish Civil War: </a>The Finnish Civil War of 1918 erupted between the Reds and Whites due to national and social upheaval following Finland's transition to independence. The Whites, supported by the conservative-based senate and the German Imperial Army, faced the Reds, backed by Bolshevist Russia. The extent of German reinforcements' influence on the White victory is a central question, given their significant role acknowledged by historians. The investigation aims to analyze factors such as leadership, military equipment, and external interventions to determine the war's outcome and the extent of German involvement.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/62efa28e2a89a40013e70828" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The downfall of the Roman Republic: </a>The fall of the Roman Republic, occurring between 133 and 31 BC, marked a transition from an oligarchy to an aristocratic tyranny due to corruption and instability. Ambitious figures like Sulla, Caesar, and Antony disrupted the Senate's structure by amassing individual armies for personal gain. This paper aims to assess the significance of ambition in the Republic's demise, analyzing key events such as the Gracchi's actions in 133 BC, Sulla's dictatorship, the formation of the First Triumvirate, Caesar's rise, and Octavian's ascent, utilizing sources like Plutarch's biographies, Cicero's works, and modern texts.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/62f0f7cd2a89a40013e70a3e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The course of the French Campaign in Russia: </a>Napoleon Bonaparte's rise to power during the chaos of the French Revolution led to his crowning as Emperor of the French in 1804, disrupting the European balance of power and igniting continental conflict. By 1810, Napoleon controlled much of Europe but faced opposition from Russia and the Ottoman Empire. His implementation of the Continental Blockade strained relations with Russia, leading to the ill-fated invasion in 1812. Scholars continue to debate the significance of logistical and environmental factors in Napoleon's failure, prompting an investigation into their impact on the Russian Campaign of 1812. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/62fa8513bf877e0013715041" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The Lavender Scare and U.S. Policy: </a>This EE analyses how the Lavender Scare impacted the United States' domestic policy in years 1947-1959. During the Second Red Scare, heightened tensions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union led to fears of communist infiltration within the government. Deputy Undersecretary John Peurifoy's acknowledgment of removing individuals deemed security risks, including homosexuals, fueled public outrage. This revelation triggered a period of moral panic known as the Lavender Scare, where homosexuals were viewed as security risks and psychologically disturbed, leading to discriminatory policies and actions within the U.S. government. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/62fbe18e56123f00132ecb5f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Second Sino-Japanese War: </a>The Second Sino-Japanese War saw a tumultuous alliance between the Guomindang (GMD) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), culminating in civil war and the establishment of an authoritarian state in 1949. The GMD's perceived ineffectiveness during the war is attributed to their passive approach, focus on fighting the CCP, and heavy reliance on foreign allies. However, while the CCP's aggressive reputation may have contributed to a portrayal of effectiveness, it is argued that they exaggerated their contribution, shifting public opinion. Despite weaknesses exposed during the war, the GMD's role cannot be discounted, and the debate surrounding their effectiveness remains significant due to its impact on modern Sino-Japanese relations and the CCP's narrative consolidation efforts. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/5f908205d9485e7b2d9ef376" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Development of Renaissance architecture:</a> This paper evaluates how the aftermath of the Black Death significantly contributed to the transition from Gothic to Renaissance architecture in early 15th-century Florence. The collapse of feudalism and the rise of a new elite class, consisting of wealthy merchants, created an ideal economic and political environment for architectural innovation. With the decline of the traditional nobility, the new elite used architectural patronage to legitimize their rule, leading to a divergence from traditional Gothic styles. Additionally, the flourishing economy and emergence of humanist ideas fueled the development of Renaissance architecture, while the Church's weakened influence allowed for secular architectural expressions to emerge. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/611579bac7828e0013ce16a7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">German awareness of systematic murder of Jews in Europe: </a>Through Hitler's antisemitic ideology and nationalist politics, Jews were marginalized and persecuted, culminating in the implementation of discriminatory laws and policies such as the Nuremberg Laws in 1935. With the outbreak of war, the Nazis shifted from favoring emigration to implementing mass killings, facilitated by mobile killing squads like the Einsatzgruppen. The Wannsee Conference in 1942 marked a turning point, as Nazi officials devised the "Final Solution" to transport and exterminate millions of Jews in concentration camps, although the regime attempted to keep these atrocities secret through coded language and propaganda, the extent to which the German population remained unaware is a matter of debate. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/history/61547eddf385a20013021633" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The French Revolution and the role of women: </a>The French Revolution, traditionally viewed as a period dominated by male ambitions, saw a shift in historiography in the 1970s as scholars began to examine the roles of women. Olwen Hufton and Ruth Graham explored how the revolution impacted women's economic and social roles. Despite the perception of 1789 as a turning point for gender equality, questions remained about the extent of actual change in women's status. Primary sources like those of Olympe de Gouges and Théroigne de Méricourt provided valuable eyewitness testimony, although the perspective of women was often underrepresented in historical records, necessitating inference by historians.</li></ol> This is just a small portion of historical issues that you can investigate for your extended essay. Remember that once your EE is complete, you can submit it for a professional <a href="/review" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Review</a> by Clastfy's moderators. Good luck! &nbsp;

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A list of History extended essay ideas along with examples. Check out for inspiration with your IB coursework. 

History EE Topic Ideas + Examples

English A (Lang & Lit) HL Essay

Is your English A Language and Literature HL essay deadline coming up and you are looking for some topics to write? This post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous ideas and examples to help you get started with writing. We aim to guide you in meeting the IB criteria as well as ensure you stay on track throughout the writing process. No matter what aspect of English you are interested in, the suggestions below are sure to have something that suits your needs!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Representation of social issues", "Literary and artistic techniques", "Identity and culture", "Power and societal structures", "Media &amp; visual arts"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">English A Language and Literature HL Essay Ideas&nbsp;</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/64b2a1d53770b4001285015c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Child labour:</a> In this topic, you could explore how the visual features and captions used in Lewis Hine’s photographic body of work transformed the public’s opinion on child labour in early 20th-century America.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/64f75a3da71635999c6f368b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Post-war trauma:</a> Looking at this topic, you could determine how Wilfred Owen uses imagery to address the mental trauma of combat in his famous poems such as "Disabled", "Mental Cases" and "Insensibility".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/64c1a042f8603e0013d65bec" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Victorian gender roles:</a> Through this analysis, you could look at how Henrik Ibsen's play, A Doll’s House, employs stylistic features to communicate the Victorian social codes of the 1870s.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/64cb4a93735725001273d82c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Patriarchal societies:</a> Within this topic, you could look at how Angela Carter’s short stories in “The Bloody Chamber” portray gender roles through associations with nature to resist patriarchal and androcentric customs in society.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/64b673883770b40012860627" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Social class hierarchy:</a> In this exploration, you could look at how the film 'The Platform' uses metaphors to represent the problem of class hierarchy in society as well as how this leads to wealth inequality between people.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/655f252ef2b2c9a94635c6e2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Use of motifs:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate how the use of motifs of light and darkness represents the presence and interconnectedness of both joy and suffering in a novel.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/64cac99a735725001273c060" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effects of oppression:</a> Through this analysis, you can explore how Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie reveals the social and psychological effects of triple oppression through the main character in her short story “The Thing Around Your Neck”.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/64be7edc50e28d001317338c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mental illness:</a> In this topic, you could analyze how Sylvia Plath uses literary devices in “Lady Lazarus” and “A Birthday Present” to represent themes like suicidal thoughts and mental illness.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/64a7dbc7701b5600139b509e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Use of satire:</a> Within this exploration, you could look at how Jonathan Swift uses satire in "A Modest Proposal" to effectively criticise class disparity in 18th-century Ireland.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/653d4298888c030f5bf3b20e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Societal beauty standards:</a> Looking at this topic, you could determine how Barbara Kruger’s usage of imagery, text, and colouring in her different artworks relates to women’s bodies and beauty standards in society.</li></ol>&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<ol start="11"><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/64ea7fb836f6a35daff94005" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">American Black Southern identity:</a> In this analysis, you could explore how Beyoncé portrays the American Black Southern identity struggle by reclaiming cultural elements in the visual album "Lemonade".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/64bf2f6bf8603e0013d60d01" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Racial generalization:</a> Within this topic, you could explore how racial generalization leads to the distortion of identity and freedom in the photo collection "Skin Tones: Visualize Racism".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/64a92a0d701b5600139b58cd" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Adversity of revenge:</a> Through this topic, you could look at how William Shakespeare uses notions of duplication and duality in "Hamlet" to explore the cyclical adversity of revenge.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/634e498e319d250013d0baec" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Fate and destiny:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze how Szymborska’s poems explore the themes of fate and destiny through love and the undermining lack of free will.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/63644a49149ad00013b9841a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Money as a motif:</a> In this exploration, you could investigate how El Saadawi uses the motif of money to represent Firdaus' freedom and power, or lack thereof.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/636969fe149ad00013b9f8a6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Western stereotypes:</a> Within this analysis, you could look at how Marjane Satrapi portrays Western stereotypes about the Iranian culture in her graphic novel "Persepolis I".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/62d2fcf8efe3ca0013f9a36e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Women empowerment:</a> In this topic, you can look at how the representation of women in Liza Donnelly’s cartoons conveys harmful societal norms and expectations as a barrier to women’s empowerment in different levels of society.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/639704d05573ed0013c68088" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Encouraging risk-taking:</a> Through this topic, you could look at how Denzel Washington makes use of rhetorical appeals in his speech "Fall Forward" to enhance his message and encourage graduates to take risks and embrace failure.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/63bc3d5328e2540013c1a33e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Role of patriarchy:</a> In this analysis, you can look at the extent to which the patriarchy dictates female identity and enforces its transformation in Carol Ann Duffy’s "The World’s Wife".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/63c00941d20b8d001326a485" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Public and private conscience:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore how Anouilh’s version of Sophocles’ Antigone criticizes the perspective that the public conscience prevails over the private conscience.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/63cbc52cf6d0f000120bde77" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Industrialization and identity:</a> Within this exploration, you could investigate how Charles Dickens represents the theme of industrialisation leading to a loss of identity through setting and character in his novel "Hard Times".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/62f5c9dcbf877e0013714747" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Value of achievements:</a> In this topic, you could look at how ordinary achievements are given value and merit in Nike’s "Find Your Greatness" campaign.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/63e22e37e1386a0014006306" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dangers of totalitarianism:</a> Through this analysis, you can explore how George Orwell conveys the dangers of totalitarianism in his novel "Nineteen Eighty-Four".&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/630f0c66c3a99e0013a4fd6b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Critiques of sexism:</a> Looking at this topic, you could determine how Atwood illustrates the setting of Gilead through nature to critique sexist structures, thus highlighting the issue of inequality.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/63ed8737955d680013058051" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Western colonialism:</a> In this topic, you could investigate how Lorna Goodison's poems "Survivor" and "Dream" represent the individuals of African descent who are subjected to Western colonial oppression.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/63350dd7d77add00134d7d08" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Manifestation of paranoia:</a> Within this exploration, you could look at how Edgar Allan Poe demonstrates the manifestation of paranoia in his building of unreliable narrators.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/6341c69f153d090014698a7c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Gender roles in advertising:</a> Through this analysis, you could explore how the Phillips Van Heusen shirt and tie advertisements from the mid-1950s represent stereotypical gender roles from that time in order to sell their products.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/62969f405005bb0013d0da98" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Female oppression:</a> In this topic, you could look at how Arthur Miller uses societal female oppression in "The Crucible" to influence the play’s conflict.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/6337d848d77add00134daf0d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Gender, race and sexuality:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate how the intersectionality of gender, race and sexuality in "Paris is Burning" plays an essential role in the viewers' understanding of New York City's drag scene in the 1980s.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit-hl-essay/6300fd318483960013c96fc7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The American Dream:</a> Within this topic, you could look at the extent to which the perspective of an immigrant contributes to the presentation of the American Dream.</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;For more ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your HL essays, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/english-a-lang-lit" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">English A Language and Literature</a> topics as well as exemplars that you can refer to during your writing process!

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A comprehensive list of 30 English A language and literature HL essay topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own topic. 

English A Language and Literature HL Essay Topic Ideas + Examples

Computer Science

It is time to start writing your Computer Science extended essay and you can't find a topic that suits you? Don't worry, we've got you! Below you can find a list of 10 different EE topics with linked exemplars to help you start the writing process. Good luck! &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Machine learning models", "Decision-making algorithms", "Image classification", "Data structures", "Data processing"]</code></pre><h2 style="text-align:center;">&nbsp;</h2><h2 style="text-align:center;">Computer Science EE ideas &nbsp;</h2><ol><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.clastify.com/ee/computer-science/64a6c88b295ecb00139efd32">Machine learning models for predicting stock prices:</a> The emergence of machine learning models has popularized the prediction of stock closing prices, driven by technological advancements and the availability of historical data. Retail investors and companies alike utilize these models to gain insights into future stock prices. This research aims to assess the efficiency of machine learning models: Linear Regression, Random Forest, and K-Nearest Neighbor commonly used for this purpose, comparing their performance and identifying contributing factors. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/computer-science/64a70723701b5600139b433f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">K-means Unsupervised Learning:</a> Clustering, which identifies patterns in unlabeled data by grouping similar objects, has wide-ranging applications from customer behavior analysis to categorizing wine types. This study evaluates the performance of K-means clustering, focusing on configurable parameters like initial placement, number of clusters, and features, using silhouette score and iteration count as metrics. By examining how these parameters influence clustering effectiveness, industries such as businesses stand to benefit from improved data organization and insights.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/computer-science/64a8a162701b5600139b57d3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Relationship between languages and compression algorithms:</a> This study focuses on how computer science technologies strive to reduce data size, particularly examining the impact of language on compression efficiency. By investigating the effectiveness of Entropy and Dictionary-based algorithms on various languages using Huffman and LZW methods, the research aims to determine how language influences compression. Understanding which languages compress best could lead to the optimization of information storage, highlighting the importance of language selection in data compression.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/computer-science/64b5947a3770b4001285d90e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Accuracy of backtracking on decision-making in Tic-tac-toe:</a> Programming this game requires data structures such as 2D arrays, trees, stacks, and queues. Decision-making techniques like backtracking, alpha-beta pruning, and breadth-first search are used by the AI to predict and make accurate moves, enhancing its chances of winning. The research aims to explore the extent to which using backtracking in a binary tree improves decision-making accuracy in Tic-Tac-Toe, crucial for understanding the effectiveness of algorithms in improving AI performance. Additionally, evaluating the impact of backtracking can lead to insights into resource utilization and processing efficiency, contributing to advancements in artificial intelligence and decision-making algorithms. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/computer-science/64c9eb69d9afef0013e79529" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Convolutional Neural Networks and telescopic images: </a>Neural Networks (NNs), such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), simulate the human brain's data processing, leading to advancements in Computer Vision (CV) and Natural Language Processing (NLP). Telescopes collect vast amounts of image data, requiring precise analysis by astronomers, which can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. Crowdsourced initiatives like Galaxy Zoo provide large datasets for morphological classification, making them ideal for Deep-learning technology applications. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of different models, including CNN architectures like ResNet and DenseNet, and Decision Trees, in processing large telescopic image datasets for morphological classification, addressing a key challenge in astronomy and potentially revolutionizing data processing in the field. &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL
</code></pre> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/computer-science/65108b76cdba678bd6e5ffbb" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Artificial Intelligence in sports:</a> Within AI, neural networks are particularly relevant for applications such as judicial AI, which aims to replace human judges in sports. The implementation of AI in sports judging seeks to address issues of bias and bribery, exemplified by past scandals like the 2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, ultimately aiming to enhance fairness and accuracy in sports adjudication. Despite existing technological aids for judges, bias, and inaccuracies persist, underscoring the need for AI-driven solutions to mitigate such issues and improve decision-making objectivity in sports. This EE investigates to what extent may Artificial Intelligence replace human judges in sports. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/computer-science/63351a08d77add00134d7d2f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Use of computer vision to translate American Sign Language: </a>American Sign Language (ASL) is a widely spoken sign language with its own grammar and lexicon, yet its global speakers are limited. In situations where ASL is necessary, such as emergencies, written communication may not suffice, leading to frustration and potential isolation. Computer vision and deep learning offer promising avenues for understanding and translating ASL, leveraging visual inputs to derive meaningful information and facilitate dynamic communication with ASL users. This investigation aims to explore the efficacy of computer vision and deep learning in enabling such communication. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/computer-science/62e3a8c7389adc00143c655d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Interpolation and Jump Search Algorithms:</a> Searching, a fundamental operation in computer science, involves locating or determining the location of an element within a collection of data items. Evolving from a basic human activity, search algorithms were developed to efficiently handle massive data sets. These algorithms, such as Interpolation Search and Jump Search, utilize different data structures like arrays and have various applications from databases to artificial intelligence. The research question aims to investigate how the position of the key and different array sizes impact the runtime efficiency of these search algorithms, which is essential in optimizing search operations. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/computer-science/5fc04bc7080c2329c9babb7a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Usage of predictive neural networks in reinforcement learning: </a>While RL has been successful in scenarios with predictable future states, like board games, it faces challenges in domains where outcomes are uncertain, like autonomous driving. To address this, neural networks are proposed to predict future states, enhancing decision-making accuracy. This essay aims to investigate the effectiveness of predictive neural networks in reinforcement learning, particularly in scenarios like autonomous driving, where understanding agent decisions is critical for safety. The research will involve an experiment where an agent learns to balance an inverted pendulum, analyzing training time, predictability, and the impact of prediction accuracy on effectiveness. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/computer-science/5f8fdb16d9485e7b2d9ef366" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Insertion function and structure of Binary Search Trees:</a> This essay delves into the insertion function and structure of Binary Search Trees (BSTs): Scapegoat Tree and Adelson-Velskii and Landis Tree. The investigation centers on comparing the time complexity of inserting values into these two types of BSTs. The analysis is significant as many algorithms, like Huffman Coding, rely on BSTs' rebalancing algorithms to efficiently handle sets of data, especially in scenarios where unbalanced trees can lead to inefficiencies in searching for specific values. The research question addresses the extent of differences in time complexity between the insertion processes of the Scapegoat Tree and AVL Tree.&nbsp;</li></ol> We are hoping that you are now one step closer to writing a perfect Computer Science EE. For more <a href="/ee/computer-science" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">extended essays on this subject</a> head to the Clastify website and don't forget about the remaining guides available on our <a href="/blog" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">blog.&nbsp;</a>

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Computer Science EE Topic Ideas + Examples 

Film

The IB Film Comparative Study is an analytical video presentation that asks students to compare films from different cultural contexts. By examining cinematography, editing, sound, and narrative structure, students explore how filmmakers construct meaning and how historical and cultural contexts shape audience interpretation. This post will provide 15 ideas for the IB Film Comparative Study to help get you started on the brainstorming process.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">IB Film Comparative Study Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">1. Representing social inequality through visual space</h3>&nbsp;Compare Parasite (2019, dir. Bong Joon-ho) and Shoplifters (2018, dir. Hirokazu Kore-eda). Analyze how vertical space, framing, and cluttered interiors construct class difference. Contrast South Korea’s architectural symbolism with Japan’s intimate domestic realism to show how cultural attitudes toward poverty shape mise-en-scène and camera positioning.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">2. Memory and identity in personal storytelling</h3>&nbsp;Compare Persepolis (2007, dir. Marjane Satrapi) and Roma (2018, dir. Alfonso Cuarón). Explore how voiceover, monochrome imagery, and long takes present memory as personal and political. Compare the symbolism of animation with realist cinematography to show how cultural history shapes the visual storytelling of identity.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">3. Youth rebellion and social control</h3>&nbsp;Compare The 400 Blows (1959, dir. François Truffaut) and Better Days (2019, dir. Derek Tsang). Analyze handheld camera, close-ups, and performance to show emotional isolation. Compare French New Wave spontaneity with contemporary Chinese social realism to reveal different cultural approaches to discipline and youth vulnerability.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">4. Depicting war without glorification</h3>&nbsp;Compare Grave of the Fireflies (1988, dir. Isao Takahata) and Come and See (1985, dir. Elem Klimov). Focus on sound design, subjective camera, and colour to communicate trauma. Compare animation’s lyricism with brutal realist imagery to show how different historical contexts shape representations of suffering.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">5. Gender and cultural expectation</h3>&nbsp;Compare Mustang (2015, dir. Deniz Gamze Ergüven) and Lady Bird (2017, dir. Greta Gerwig). Examine framing, costume, and blocking to show how young women negotiate social expectations. Contrast the conservative social space in rural Turkey with American suburban individuality to reveal cultural pressure points.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">6. Isolation in the modern city</h3>&nbsp;Compare Lost in Translation (2003, dir. Sofia Coppola) and Chungking Express (1994, dir. Wong Kar-wai). Analyze colour, slow motion, and music to express emotional disconnection. Compare Tokyo’s urban culture with Hong Kong’s montage style to link isolation to city culture.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">7. National trauma and collective memory</h3>&nbsp;Compare Waltz with Bashir (2008, dir. Ari Folman) and Quo Vadis, Aida? (2020, dir. Jasmila Žbanić). Compare animation, sound, and subjective perspective to examine how nations remember violence. Contrast reconstructed memory with real-time narrative tension shaped by different post-conflict viewpoints.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">8. Family duty versus personal desire</h3>&nbsp;Compare Tokyo Story (1953, dir. Yasujirō Ozu) and The Farewell (2019, dir. Lulu Wang). Analyze static framing, pauses, and off-screen space to show emotional restraint. Compare post-war Japanese family norms with diasporic Chinese-American identity tensions.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">9. Surveillance and social control</h3>&nbsp;Compare The Lives of Others (2006, dir. Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck) and Citizenfour (2014, dir. Laura Poitras).&nbsp;Focus on sound, editing, and limited viewpoints to compare Cold War surveillance with digital monitoring culture. The contrast between scripted interior surveillance and real-time digital monitoring highlights how cultural and political contexts reshape the representation of state control.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">10. Childhood and political conflict</h3>&nbsp;Compare Pan's Labyrinth (2006, dir. Guillermo del Toro) and Turtles Can Fly (2004, dir. Bahman Ghobadi). Focus on point of view, lighting, and symbolic imagery to examine how children experience violence. The use of fantasy in one film versus raw realism in the other reflects different cultural strategies for processing historical trauma.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">11. Migration and cultural displacement</h3>&nbsp;Compare The Namesake (2006, dir. Mira Nair) and Brooklyn (2015, dir. John Crowley). Analyze colour palettes, transitions between locations, and recurring visual motifs to show emotional displacement in different immigrant experiences. Both films reveal how cultural expectations influence identity, belonging, and personal choice across generations.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">12. Power and masculinity in crime cinema</h3>&nbsp;Compare City of God (2002, dir. Fernando Meirelles) and Gomorrah (2008, dir. Matteo Garrone). Study handheld camerawork, editing pace, and desaturated colour to construct violence and masculine power shaped by different criminal cultures. The different visual styles reflect contrasting cultural perspectives on crime, social mobility, and systemic inequality.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">13. Religion and personal freedom</h3>&nbsp;Compare Ida (2013, dir. Paweł Pawlikowski) and A Separation (2011, dir. Asghar Farhadi). Compare framing, negative space, and moral ambiguity to explore belief systems within post-communist Poland and contemporary Iran. Examine how belief systems shape personal decisions. The films’ restrained visual styles reflect social and religious pressures within their distinct national contexts.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">14. Environmental crisis and human responsibility</h3>&nbsp;Compare Princess Mononoke (1997, dir. Hayao Miyazaki) and Woman at War (2018, dir. Benedikt Erlingsson). Analyze landscape composition, sound motifs, symbolism, and colour to explore human relationships with nature and environmental activism. The contrast between mythic storytelling and contemporary realism shows how culture shapes environmental narratives.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3 style="text-align:justify;">15. Silence and emotional repression</h3>&nbsp;Compare In the Mood for Love (2000, dir. Wong Kar-wai) and Cold War (2018, dir. Paweł Pawlikowski). Compare framing through doorways, controlled camera movement, and music to express emotion shaped by different historical and social constraints. Both films use visual restraint to reflect cultural expectations surrounding intimacy and emotional expression.&nbsp;&nbsp;We hope you found this post helpful in learning about some ideas for the IB Film Comparative Study. For more useful materials associated with the IB, check out the wide variety of <a href="/ia" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">IA</a>, <a href="/ee" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">EE </a>and <a href="/tok" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">TOK </a>exemplars available at <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify </a>and other guides available on our <a href="/blog" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">blog</a>.

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A comprehensive guide outlining some ideas for the IB Film Comparative Study. Use this when brainstorming what topics to use.

IB Film Comparative Study Ideas

Geography

&nbsp;You still can’t decide on the subject of your Geography extended essay? The possibilities are endless, as long as they relate to the syllabus. We recommend choosing a topic that is close to your areas of interest because it can facilitate the process. Below you can find a list of 10 topics with examples for inspiration.&nbsp; &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Climate change mitigation", "Human development &amp; health", "Economic impacts", "Urban planning", "Sustainability"]</code></pre><h2 style="text-align:center;">&nbsp;</h2><h2 style="text-align:center;">Geography EE ideas&nbsp; &nbsp;</h2><ol><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.clastify.com/ee/geography/6391f2d45573ed0013c4a46f ">Mitigation strategies for global climate change:</a> If you decide to pursue this topic, you could analyse how air pollution from the transportation sector decreased. This extended essay assesses the impact of mitigation strategies on air pollution and climate change in Paris, France. Specifically, it examines how the transportation sector can contribute to reducing air pollution by promoting the use of public transportation and implementing additional mitigation measures. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/geography/632815a70394b4001338efba " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Human development index:</a> In this case, you could examine the relationship between Human Development Index (HDI) and Lesotho's healthcare outcomes. You would investigate to what extent the components of the index: life expectancy, education, and Gross National Income per capita influence the effectiveness of healthcare services. To deepen the analysis the author also considered the accelerated effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on these outcomes.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/geography/632835cc0394b4001338f047 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effect of COVID-19 on tourism:</a> Through this topic, you would research the impact of the pandemic on the income from the tourism industry. To extend the investigation you could compare it to the changes in profitability in other sectors. This extended essay evaluated the hypothesis that Athens, one of the top touristic destinations in Europe, experienced a considerable decrease in tourism income as a result of COVID-19.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/geography/6336a1e9d77add00134d85ad " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Apartment prices:</a> Here you could investigate the relationship between the quality of public services expressed by indicators such as green areas, public transportation, education, and apartment prices in different districts.&nbsp;The author examined the city of Lodz by obtaining a composite and universal index for each of the examined areas. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/geography/63b42323f8937e0013b9f86c " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Urban revitalization:</a> By rejuvenating the familiar environment with new facilities for more recreational activities to take place, the Urban Redevelopment Authority hopes that Jurong Lake Gardens remains a friendly neighborhood park for local residents, while also improving their quality of life and maintaining a sense of belonging. In this topic, you would focus on the impact of urban revitalization on the quality of life of local residents and visitors by exploring the environment, recreation, leisure time, and social belonging of the community.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre> &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/geography/63ce0fa3f6d0f000120cfbf2 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Micro-climate analysis:</a> In such analysis, you could research how the course of the river influences the local temperature in a specific period, taking into account the humidity, temperature, and rainfall.&nbsp;The student collected data from two different points of the Savegre River to test the hypothesis regarding the changes in these three climate indicators with the distance from the river.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/geography/64a7e67b701b5600139b50c5 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Sustainability of out-of-town shopping centers:</a> Over the past two decades, a few notable out-of-town shopping malls and centers, including Pioneer Mall, Maseru Mall, and Masianokeng Lifestyle Centre, have been established in Maseru, Lesotho. Through this topic, you could evaluate the impact of constructing a shopping center on the neighboring communities by analysing transportation, spending, and shopping frequency.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/geography/64d95321faee220013fff905 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Socioeconomic and geographical concentrated disparities</a>: Hebron, situated in the southern part of the West Bank within the state of Palestine, has undergone significant socioeconomic and geographical transformations. Governmental and news reports have highlighted the issue of ashaier divisions, large groups of families numbering anywhere between 800 to 1600 people and sharing the same surname, as a primary factor contributing to the rise in crime rates. In this case, you would determine to what extent the increase in crime can be attributed to socioeconomic and geographical disparities such as population density and employment opportunities. &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/geography/630f57d6c3a99e0013a503d2 " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Standard of living:</a> The research question of the extended essay seeks to explore the factors that contribute to the differentiation of neighborhoods in Nur-Sultan based on their standard of living. The objective is to derive a comprehensive coefficient that universally demonstrates the level of inequality among neighborhoods in terms of various factors that collectively represent an individual's quality of life within a given area of Nur-Sultan. The factors considered were for instance the safety level, access to education, and traffic congestion.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/geography/62d85b2a7ded760014fe70db " target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ecotourism:</a> This essay seeks to assess the extent to which ecotourism practices at the site align with the principles of sustainable tourism, focusing on the core criteria of nature conservation, educational opportunities, and environmental sustainability. The evaluation involves examining the ecotourism practices at three key sites within the biosphere reserve against the Criteria for Sustainable Tourism established by the UNESCO Venice Office, drawing from similar assessments conducted in European biosphere reserves.</li></ol> We hope that you found some of these ideas interesting. For more topics check out the remaining <a href="/ee/geography" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Geography essays</a> available on Clastify. Also, keep in mind that you can submit your EE for <a href="/review" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Review</a> to receive feedback from our experienced reviewers and improve your grade.&nbsp;

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A comprehensive list of Geography extended essay topics with examples. Get inspiration for the IB coursework. 

Geography EE Topic ideas + examples 

Have you got your geography IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Do not worry, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous geography IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track throughout your IA writing process. No matter what aspect of geography you are interested in, the suggestions below are sure to have something that suits your needs!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Urban land use patterns", "Transportation infrastructure", "Urban environmental issues", "Tourism", "Sustainability"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Geography IA Ideas&nbsp;</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/geography/62d92560e042a500150f3ef6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Land use patterns:</a> In this topic, you could look at the land use patterns of a particular city, such as the proportion of service sites and residential areas, as well as the factors that affect these land use patterns.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/63249ecb0394b4001338e998" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cycling infrastructure and transportation:</a> Within this topic, you could look at how cycling infrastructure within a city could affect the transportation habits of the neighbourhood’s inhabitants.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/632835350394b4001338f043" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Urban heat island effect:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze whether the urban heat island effect occurs in a particular city based on its infrastructure.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/63230bb80394b4001338e0b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Symptoms of urban stress: </a>Within this analysis, you could explore the extent to which the symptoms of urban stress change in a city as you travel between different parts of the city.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/63bb20b628e2540013c126ef" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Butler's Model:</a> Through this topic, you could analyse which stage on the Butler's Model a city is currently on, as well as how this could change in the future.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/62e1476ff3cb8f0013903961" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Distribution of pharmacies:</a> In this exploration, you could determine the distribution of pharmacies within a city and the implications of this distribution for the frequency of customers that the pharmacy gets.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/62e28135f3cb8f0013903ab6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Effects of human processes:</a> Within this topic, you could explore the extent to which human processes have affected natural physical processes of succession at a beach or park within a city.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/62d85c897ded760014fe70e2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Bradshaw's Model: </a>Looking at this topic, you could analyze the extent to which changes in channel parameters of a river match Bradshaw’s model of river channel changes with increasing distance downstream of the river.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/62e01f813990180013ce48b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Price variation:</a> Through this analysis, you could explore whether there is a significant variation in prices across grocery stores in a subdistrict of a city.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/6389cb5d5573ed0013c42207" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Central Business District:</a> Within this investigation, you could analyze the extent to which it is possible to delimit the Central Business District of a city, by measuring factors such as pedestrian and traffic frequency, environmental quality, and building height.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<ol start="11"><li><a href="/ia/geography/6286759c5005bb0013d0c969" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Distribution of stores:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate the distribution of convenience stores across a city, for example, how close they are to public transport stops.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/6298fbc05005bb0013d0e69a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Sustainable eco-cities:</a> In this topic, you could determine the extent to which a city can be classified as a sustainable eco-city based on the number of factors like solar panels, bicycle lanes and green areas present.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/63c590c7f18f2200138bc8da" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Biodiversity of sand dunes:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze whether the biodiversity of sand dunes at a particular location follows the expected pattern.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/5ffce067e175f502d6a99211" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Impacts of tourism:</a> Within this analysis, you could explore the socio-economic impacts that tourism brings to rural communities in a certain country.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/5ffce0c9e175f502d6a99214" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Soil quality:</a> Through this topic, you could investigate the soil quality between areas of varying land use practices.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/60e30e3bb4446500125e5f13" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Public transport management:</a> In this topic, you could evaluate how successful public transport management has been in a city since a certain point in time.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/61743627610b200013237d0d" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Water quality analysis:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate how the water quality in a river changes with distance downstream.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/64d4ecf96444cd0013a73be4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Tourism development: </a>Through this analysis, you can explore the extent to which tourism development in a city could fit the stages of Butler’s Model.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/63026a258483960013c971cf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Hoyt Model:</a> In this topic, you could analyze the extent to which the Hoyt Model can be used to represent the land use patterns of a city.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/63c090cbd20b8d001326aa9b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Microclimates:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate the extent to which microclimates exist within a city by measuring factors such as light intensity and wind speeds.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/63249c990394b4001338e982" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Meatless options:</a> Within this investigation, you could determine the extent to which meatless options are available to customers in grocery stores and restaurants, as well as the number of people who use these meatless options.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/62f0f2372a89a40013e70a2c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Urban stress of a city:</a> Through this topic, you could explore whether a city is suffering from urban stress, by looking at factors such as temperature and noise pollution.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/633428fad77add00134d6834" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Benefits of leisure and tourism:</a> In this exploration, you could look at the extent to which leisure and tourism had a positive impact on a city in a developed country.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/6391f34e5573ed0013c4a4ac" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Environmental quality:</a> Within this topic, you could analyze the relationship between land use and environmental quality in a particular area within the city, as well as how this could change as you go to different areas of the city.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/63a8e4a4f8937e0013b85917" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Burgess' Model:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate how land use changes with distance from the Central Business District, and the extent to which this follows Burgess' Model.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/63b425ddf8937e0013b9f875" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Core Frame Model:</a> In this exploration, you could analyze how different shopping malls in the Downtown Core conform to retail patterns in the Core Frame Model.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/63bc33e828e2540013c19ae8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Circular economy:</a> Through this topic, you could explore the extent to which an institution such as a school or college embraces a circular economy.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/5ffce10be175f502d6a99217" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Shifting cultivation:</a> In this topic, you could determine the impact that shifting cultivation has on soil quality in a particular region.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/630cdbdcc3a99e0013a4d010" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Distance from public transport:</a> Within this analysis, you could investigate how the density of grocery stores and restaurants changes with the distance from metro stations in a city.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/geography/6202709159dfc500131829af" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The health of inhabitants:</a> Through this topic, you could explore how the health of a city's inhabitants differs between different parts of the city, as measured by the number of overweight people and the factors affecting this such as availability of food, distance to stores and sports facilities, means of transport used daily, and activity levels.</li></ol>&nbsp;For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/geography" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">geography</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!&nbsp;

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A comprehensive list of 30 geography IA topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own internal assessment topic. 

Geography IA Topic Ideas + Examples

Philosophy

Is your philosophy IA deadline looming, leaving you uncertain about selecting a suitable topic? This post is here to assist you in navigating through that challenge! Within this text, we present a variety of IA ideas accompanied by examples to initiate your writing journey. Our goal is to steer you towards fulfilling the IB criteria and maintaining focus throughout the IA writing process. Regardless of your specific interest within philosophy, the suggestions below are bound to offer options that align with your requirements!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Ethics &amp; morality", "Free will &amp; determinism", "Human nature &amp; altruism", "Gender &amp; social constructs", "Philosophy of mind"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Philosophy IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/philosophy/64b99585c0741a00129dec9b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Selfless behaviour:</a> In this topic, you can explore whether humans can ever behave selflessly. This can be evaluated against the theory of Psychological Egoism which states that humans are unable to behave selflessly.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/philosophy/64df8334b6f669f4a3d5b2b9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Illusion of dichotomy:</a> Through this exploration, you can look at whether humans act based on free will versus based on determinism. You can explore whether a person's choices are solely their own, or if everything plays out according to a set destiny.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/philosophy/64b0417eb38ec100134ba7c8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Absolute freedom:</a> Within this exploration, you could analyze the role of biological traits on free will, and if there is such a thing as absolute freedom or if our innate characteristics always constrain our choices.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/philosophy/64c100d2f8603e0013d65799" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Morality of suicide:</a> Looking at this topic, you could explore whether suicide is morally permissible or even morally required in some extraordinary circumstances.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/philosophy/62fa83fdbf877e001371503c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Use of the word "woman":</a> In this topic, you could look at the extent to which the word "woman" is biologically determined - is it wholly biologically determined or is it a product of social conditioning?&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/philosophy/62d46643efe3ca0013f9a676" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Discussions of morality:</a> Through this analysis, you can explore two different perspectives of morality such as moral realism and anti-realism, as well as if the whole concept of morality is an error.</li></ol>&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<ol start="7"><li><a href="/ia/philosophy/6418b526e1d1550013668a66" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mind and body:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate the Cartesian and Nietzschean notions of mind and body interaction, by exploring the mind and body and both separate and interconnected entities.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/philosophy/64a6f4d1701b5600139b42ae" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Toy Story and free will:</a> Within this topic, you could analyze the extent to which the toys in Toy Story can be considered people based on whether or not they have free will.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/philosophy/6202decd59dfc50013182a98" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ethics of security technology:</a> In this exploration, you could look at whether new security technologies are necessary and ethical, based on factors like the privacy of individuals subjected to this technology.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/philosophy/62d1b7af8c5db80013f0426c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The morality of a character's behaviour:</a> Through this analysis, you could evaluate the morality of a character's actions in a movie or TV show episode.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/philosophy/61b0ad094869b1001385d577" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Machines as people:</a> In this topic, you can explore the extent to which a machine can be considered a person, or whether it is simply a piece of technology.</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/philosophy" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">philosophy</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!

A comprehensive list of 11 philosophy IA internal assessment topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own topic. 

Philosophy IA Topic Ideas + Examples

Have you got your computer science IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Do not worry, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. We aim to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track throughout your IA writing process. No matter what aspect of computer science you are interested in, the suggestions below are sure to have something that suits your needs!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["POS systems", "Learning support", "Scheduling &amp; service platforms", "Productivity tools", "Data security"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Computer Science IA Ideas&nbsp;</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/64af91a1b38ec100134ade44" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Terminal management software:</a> In this topic, you could look at how a terminal management software can be used to improve accounting and cashier transactions, and reduce problems caused by a manual financial reporting system.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/64a89f6e701b5600139b57c4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Exam preparation:</a> Within this topic, you could develop a system that helps students in a school or university better prepare for exams by creating a system that allows students to find and enrol in study groups, tutoring sessions, or private study spaces on campus.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/64ad5c04e3b31a00131a03f1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Home cooking business app:</a> Looking at this topic, you could create an app that helps small businesses such as home cooks that provide meal services manage orders and deliveries, as well as keep track of customer requests such as allergy information.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/64aa9f4ff66fe2001384404b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Employee management:</a> Through this topic, you could make a system that helps small business owners keep track of their employees' work hours and salary based on completed tasks.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/652405defb522601eb865090" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">On-demand service booking system:</a> In this topic, you could develop software that allows housing providers to improve the affordability and reliability of on-demand services such as carpentry and plumbing for the residents who live in the housing complexes.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/64a6f4c5701b5600139b42ac" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">E-commerce stores:</a> Within this topic, you could create a system that allows owners of small businesses to expand their business activity by having an increased online presence through e-commerce where customers can shop for products online instead of only in person.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/64aede3ab38ec100134add4b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Educational applications:</a> Looking at this topic, you could develop an app that helps students learn better by providing educational content. For example in geography, students can be taught about naming countries and identifying their flags, religions, currency, etc.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/64c8d9b8d9afef0013e6a695" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Digital note-taking:</a> In this exploration, you could create a digital note-taking app that allows users to efficiently take notes and conveniently have everything stored in one place rather than carrying lots of paper notes around.&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/64a75426701b5600139b4f40" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Improving language skills:</a> Within this topic, you could develop a platform that helps users improve their skills in a particular language by teaching vocabulary, grammar, comprehension and listening skills. Users could also use this software to prepare for international language tests such as IELTS.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/64d6546e6444cd0013a7b7d8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Exam question banks:</a> Through this exploration, you could create a system that allows teachers to have a database of exam questions that could be used to organise the teacher's test materials more effectively.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/633c1194ea84c50013087842" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Wall insulators:</a> Looking at this topic, you could make a database of different types of thermal insulators so that architects or building companies can use it to determine the most appropriate material to use when constructing buildings.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/6413955ce1d1550013663ab0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Password manager:</a> In this analysis, you could develop a password manager that could generate strong passwords for users, as well as help them organize and store their passwords safely to prevent the user from forgetting the passwords.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/5f8b68b1356a187b1bb87a90" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Event organization:</a> Through this analysis, you could develop software that helps an event organization company to better manage their customers, by allowing online bookings and cancellations instead of customers having to call the receptionist.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/618a906fe45d510013e2e4c5" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Gym tracker:</a> Within this exploration, you could create an app that helps users track their progress at the gym, such as monitoring past progress and what needs to be done to overcome old limits, creating customized workouts, and tracking weight changes.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/computer-science/5fb5b0a3931fb12b116e7a78" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Improving typing skills:</a> In this topic, you could create software that allows the user to improve their typing skills, such as typing speed and accuracy, as well as track improvements in factors such as words per minute or characters per minute.</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/computer-science" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">computer science</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!&nbsp;

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A comprehensive list of 15 computer science IA internal assessment topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own topic. 

Computer Science IA Topic Ideas + Examples

Global Politics

Still looking for an interesting topic for your Global Politics EE? You are in the right place! The aim of this essay is to conduct an analysis of a contemporary global political issue. Below you can find a set of different extended essay topics and examples.&nbsp; &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["International trade policy", "Free trade agreements", "Nationalism &amp; indigenous identity", "Foreign intervention", "Global governance"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Global Politics EE ideas &nbsp;</h2><ol><li><a href="/ee/global-politics/64bd338b50e28d001316f41e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Sexual minorities in Israel:</a> Israel is renowned as an LGBTQ-friendly destination, highlighted by the vibrant Pride celebration in Tel Aviv, yet the country's LGBTQ rights remain below average compared to OECD nations. Same-sex marriage is not permitted, and surrogacy for same-sex couples was only legalized recently. In this case, the investigation of progressiveness concerning sexual minorities was divided into three main areas of Israeli society: political, legislative, and military.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/global-politics/64be8b7cf8603e0013d5f492" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">EU - Vietnam Trade Policy:</a> The European Union and Vietnam signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA), signifying a move towards deeper engagement between the EU and Southeast Asia. FTA facilitates market opening and aim to reduce economic barriers, as outlined in the New EU Trade Strategy 2021. This essay seeks to explore to what extent normative imperatives influenced the EU's trade policy in the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement, analyzing the significance of trade policy for the EU, and examining both normative and market power arguments.&nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/global-politics/64bedb9bf8603e0013d605c4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Third-world nationalism in Algeria: </a>This EE examines to what extent has indigenous identity been suppressed by the formation of national identity in Algeria. The suppression of Amazigh identity, including the banning of the Amazigh flag, reflects broader tensions between monoethnic state power and ethnic plurality in post-colonial nations. This phenomenon extends beyond Algeria, representing a struggle faced by indigenous groups globally against nationalist agendas aimed at homogenizing identities and erasing cultural diversity. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/global-politics/64c1631cf8603e0013d658b4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Russian influence on the civil war in Syria:</a> During the Cold War, the United States' shift towards limited military intervention abroad created an opportunity for Russia to expand its influence and challenge the Euro-Atlantic order. This essay aims to assess the impact of Russian military intervention on the continuity of the Syrian civil war, analyzing its role in reinforcing political divisions, worsening the humanitarian crisis, and altering military dynamics. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/global-politics/64d525c06444cd0013a781b8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Catalan independence referendum:</a> Since the unification of Castilla and Aragón in the seventeenth century, Catalonia has been a hotbed of revolts and separatist movements against the Spanish state, yet these have historically failed to achieve greater autonomy or independence. In 2017, Catalonia held a referendum aimed at declaring independence, led by former President Carles Puigdemont, which sparked controversy and tensions between the Catalan and Spanish governments. This paper explores the extent to which the independence referendum was considered anti-democratic and illegal, examining various interpretations of democracy, international law, and regional autonomy criteria. &nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/global-politics/62ce32699636f50014730c5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Wuhan lockdown: </a>The COVID-19 lockdown involved strict restrictions on movement, surveillance through tracking apps, and mandatory isolation for symptomatic individuals. Critics argue that the lockdown violated human rights, particularly freedom of movement, privacy, expression, and the right to life, as vulnerable individuals were left without adequate care. However, China defends the measures, citing the protection of the majority's right to life and support from international organizations like the WHO. This paper aims to assess the extent of human rights violations during the Wuhan lockdown, arguing that while restrictions on movement and privacy may be justified, limitations on expression and the right to life are not. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/global-politics/62d6fd40efe3ca0013f9aa98" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">2020 US election outcome:</a> The research question examines the extent to which Joe Biden's victory in the 2020 presidential election was inevitable, drawing from Allan Lichtman's "Keys to the White House" model. Lichtman's model suggests that Biden's win was largely a response to Donald Trump's performance as the incumbent president. The model uses 13 keys to predict election outcomes, with any combination of six negative keys indicating defeat for the incumbent party. Analyzing these factors helps understand how they influenced the American perception of both candidates and the election outcome, highlighting the workings of democracy. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/global-politics/63c6fbc0dbb839001334cd1e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Impact of China's Belt and Road Initiative: </a>The Belt and Road Initiative, launched by China in 2013, aims to enhance global trade through interconnected trade routes and infrastructure, including those passing through the Philippines. This initiative has both positive and negative implications for Philippine sovereignty, prompting an evaluation of its impact. The research question focuses on assessing this impact using criteria such as Westphalian sovereignty and the Treaty of Montevideo, examining aspects like permanent population, defined borders, and effective governance. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/global-politics/649452050d59190013bcaff3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(13,13,13);font-family:Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;font-size:16px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;display:inline !important;float:none;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;text-decoration-color:initial;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-thickness:initial;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:pre-wrap;widows:2;word-spacing:0px;">&nbsp;Role of power and sovereignty in Brexit: </a>The Brexit referendum, held in the UK, aimed to determine whether the country should remain in the EU. Membership in the EU brought economic benefits, including faster GDP growth and improved trading partnerships, but also raised questions about sovereignty and decision-making authority. Despite economic advantages, the UK ultimately chose to leave the EU, prompting exploration of the roles played by economic power and sovereignty in the Brexit decision through research and analysis. &nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ee/global-politics/64c06154f8603e0013d64954" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Abraham Peace Agreement: </a>In December 2020, a historic pact was signed between Morocco, Israel, and the USA, with Morocco agreeing to reopen diplomatic ties with Israel and the USA recognizing Moroccan sovereignty over disputed lands in Western Sahara. This essay examines the decision-making processes of key players, the regional impacts of the treaty, the motivations behind powerful actors forming alliances with Morocco, international opinions and their implications, and the objectives of this new alliance.&nbsp;</li></ol> Now you have an idea of what you can write your Global Politics essay about. For more guidance with your IB coursework check out our <a href="/review" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Review service</a>. It is a safe way to receive constructive feedback and improve your EE grade!

A list of Global Politics extended essay ideas along with examples. Check out for inspiration with your IB coursework. 

Global Politics EE Topic Ideas + Examples 

Sports Science

Have you got your sports science IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Do not worry, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous sports science IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track throughout your IA writing process. No matter what aspect of sports science you are interested in, the suggestions below are sure to have something that suits your needs!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Competition &amp; performance", "Reaction time", "Equipment &amp; biomechanics", "Psychology &amp; personality", "Exercise intensity"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Sports Science IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/sports-science/64d3f3165cfe90001277ea45" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Position of the audience:</a> In this topic, you could explore how the way the audience is positioned from the court or field affects the number of successful shots taken by a player. This could be applied to sports like netball, basketball, football, etc.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/sports-science/64d4edee6444cd0013a73bf6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Practicing mindfulness:</a> Within this exploration, you could investigate whether practicing mindfulness for 5 minutes affects the reaction time of a person, as measured by an online reaction time simulator.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/sports-science/62e510ff1459fa0013b2127a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rate of exertion and muscle growth:</a> Through this analysis, you could explore the relationship between the intensity at which an exercise is performed and the amount of muscle growth seen in an athlete over a period of time.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/sports-science/633429a0d77add00134d683a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Level of competition:</a> Looking at this topic, you could investigate whether participants have faster sprint times when paired with high-level versus low-level competitors.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/sports-science/63bc3a0428e2540013c1a0f3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Compression garments:</a> In this exploration, you can analyze how the duration that compression garments are worn on an athlete's non-dominant arm could affect the recovery and delayed onset muscle soreness of the athlete after performing a certain exercise.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/sports-science/63c7f49adbb839001334cf7c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Successful shots:</a> Through this topic, you can look at whether performing the 6-2-8 breathing technique or hearing a visualization audio improves sports performance, as measured by the number of successful shots made. This can be applied to sports such as basketball, football, etc.</li></ol>&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<ol start="7"><li><a href="/ia/sports-science/63d60442ef40ca0013285d02" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Video game genre:</a> Looking at this topic, you can analyze how the genre of video game that a person plays affects their reaction time.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/sports-science/62f0c8d92a89a40013e709b6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Age and reaction time:</a> Within this topic, you can explore the effect of age on reaction time, measured using an online reaction time test.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/sports-science/6202b6f259dfc50013182a48" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">String tension and rebound:</a> Through this analysis, you can look at how the string tension of a tennis racquet can affect the rebound distance of a tennis ball. This can also be applied to other sports such as badminton racquets and shuttles.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/sports-science/60ed6080c86af60012ff9bf9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pre-performance routines:</a> Looking at this topic, you could analyze whether a pre-performance routine affects an athlete's performance, as well as how this pre-performance routine affects the athlete's success rate.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/sports-science/60ed6d47c86af60012ff9c32" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Personality and success:</a> In this exploration, you could determine whether an athlete's success in sports is determined by whether they are introverted or extroverted in nature.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/sports-science" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">sports science</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!

A comprehensive list of 11 sports science IA  topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own internal assessment topic. 

Sports Science IA Topic Ideas + Examples

Design technology

Have you got your design technology IA deadline approaching soon and are unsure what to choose as your topic? Do not worry, this post is here to help you through that process! In this text, we will provide you with numerous IA ideas with examples to help you start the writing process. Our goal is to guide you in meeting the IB criteria and ensure you stay on track throughout your IA writing process. No matter what aspect of design technology you are interested in, the suggestions below are sure to have something that suits your needs!&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">RQGenerator: ["Ergonomic product design", "Multifunctional &amp; space-saving solutions", "Productivity tools", "Inclusive design", "Waste-reduction systems"]</code></pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:center;">Design Technology IA Ideas</h2>&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li><a href="/ia/design-technology/64af3d3db38ec100134addb6" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Comprehensive art station:</a> In this topic, you could design a comprehensive art station that artists can use to organize their workspace and tools such as paintbrushes, as well as tackle ergonomic issues like back and neck pain faced by artists when conducting their work.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/design-technology/64b5006e3770b40012858068" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Multifunctional products:</a> Within this topic, you could design a multifunctional product such as multifunctional furniture (2-in-1 chair and table) to address the issue of lack of space in living rooms, and make home organization more efficient.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/design-technology/64a9f318f66fe20013841ce7" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Backpack design:</a> Looking at this topic, you could create an ergonomic backpack that alleviates issues like back pain and unequal distribution of weight, as well as allows for optimal organization of items inside the backpack. The backpack should also be made of a suitable material that can withstand dirt from daily use.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;<pre><code class="language-plaintext">CAROUSEL</code></pre>&nbsp;<ol start="4"><li><a href="/ia/design-technology/64ac74d6b2d6120012fbad5c" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Bread cutter machine:</a> Through this topic, you could design a bread cutter machine that improves the efficiency of the food-making process of a business., especially one that produces sandwiches or wraps.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/design-technology/62d54fdcefe3ca0013f9a78e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Motor skills:</a> In this exploration, you could create products that help children, especially those with disabilities, to improve their gross and fine motor skills. The products should be lightweight and easy to use.&nbsp;</li><li><a href="/ia/design-technology/6178ef08610b200013238314" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Monitoring expired products:</a> Looking at this topic, you could design a product that could help users prevent food wastage by monitoring the expiry dates of items bought and stocked in their pantries at home. This should give users an indication of what products need to be used up first.&nbsp;</li></ol>&nbsp;&nbsp;For more IA ideas and a deeper insight into how to structure your IAs, head to the <a href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clastify</a> website where you will be able to find numerous <a href="/ia/design-technology" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">design technology</a> IA topics as well as exemplar IAs that you can refer to during your writing process!

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A comprehensive list of 6 design technology IA internal assessment topic ideas along with explanations and examples. See what can be done and use this as inspiration for your own topic. 

Design Technology IA Topic Ideas + Examples

Discover topic ideas, research questions, and examples to help you choose an outstanding IA or EE topic.

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IA/EE Topic Ideas + Examples