Syllabus concepts to know

• 3.1 Global trends in consumption
• 3.2 Global and regional/continental progress towards poverty reduction, including the growth of the “new global middle class” processes affect
• 3.3 Measuring trends in resource consumption, including individual, national and resource availability global ecological footprints and consumption
• 3.4 An overview of global patterns and trends in the availability and consumption of:
• 3.5 water, including embedded water in food and manufactured goods
• 3.6 land/food, including changing diets in middle-income countries
• 3.7 energy, including the relative and changing importance of hydrocarbons, nuclear power, renewables, new sources of modern energy
• 3.8 Synthesis, evaluation and skills opportunities
• 3.9 How different patterns and trends are interrelated and involve spatial interactions between different places
• 3.10 Impacts of changing trends in resource consumption
• 3.11 The water–food–energy “nexus” and how its complex interactions affect: resources affects
• 3.12 national water security, including access to safe water
• 3.13 national food security, including food availability
• 3.14 national energy security, including energy pathways and geopolitical issues
• 3.15 The implications of global climate change for the water–food–energy nexus
• 3.16 Detailed examples of two countries with contrasting levels of resource security
• 3.17 The disposal and recycling of consumer items, including international flows of waste
• 3.18 How perspectives on, and priorities for, national resource security vary between places and at different scales
• 3.19 Resource stewardship
• 3.20 Divergent thinking about population and resource consumption trends: managing resources
• 3.21 pessimistic views, including neo-Malthusian views
• 3.22 optimistic views, including Boserup decision-making
• 3.23 balanced views, including resource stewardship
• 3.24 Resource stewardship strategies, including:
• 3.25 the value of the circular economy as a systems approach for effective cycling of materials and energy
• 3.26 the role of the UN Sustainable Development Goals and progress made toward meeting them
• 3.27 Different perspectives on global resource use and the likely effectiveness of management actions at varying scales : HL core extension lobal interactions framework ractions has a broader perspective than a more conventional study of globalization process involving the domination and the imposition of Western culture on the world. llabus, global interaction suggests a two-way and complex process whereby cultural y be adopted, adapted or resisted by societies. The process is neither inevitable nor universal. cuses on the global interactions, flows and exchanges arising from the disparities . It presents important and contestable geographic issues of change in space and o question. This part of the syllabus is divided into three units relating to global evelopment. dance the HL core extension is not fixed and may be modified, although it is recommended s an introduction. des a rough guide to the depth of study and emphasis required for each. It should here is overlap between concepts, content and contexts, and that these links should olistic view of the course. This course allows for student-centred activities including nd group work. All units must be covered and be illustrated through the use of case s where relevant.