Biology

How does increasing concentrations of copper (II) ion in aqueous copper (II) sulphate (0.00, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80 and 1.00 mg/L) affect the growth of L. minor and thus it’s phytoremediation abilities as measured through the percentage change in wet biomass of the L. minor over 7 days?

To investigate the effect of various concentrations of copper (II) sulfate solutions (0.0 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L, 3.0 mg/L, 5.0 mg/L, 7.0 mg/L, 9.0 mg/L) on Vigna radiata plant growth using a soilless media, measured through the change in shoot length using a ruler (±0.05cm), and the difference in chlorophyll a and b absorbance values using a UV spectrophotometer (±0.001AU), at wavelengths of 664nm and 647nm respectively over a 14 day period.

How does the concentration (g/L) of the “Malibu SPF30 Kids Lotion Protection” chemical
sunscreen (0.0, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10) affect the rate of photosynthesis (ppm/s) of freshwater green algae
(Chlorella sp.) in terms of the decrease in CO2 concentration over time, measured using a wireless
CO2 sensor for 5400s at 20ºC?

To what extent does the neurobiology of clinical depression and its associated treatments- (antidepressants) influence sleep patterns?

To what extent do cosmetic procedures like bleaching and heat straightening affect the tensile strength of Homo sapiens hair?

To what extent do different honey brands affect their antibacterial activity to test their
hydrogen peroxide content using permanganometric titration?

To investigate the effect of increasing concentration (volume/volume ratio) of malathion
(0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,0.4%,0.5%) an insecticide, on the total chlorophyll content measured
through a spectrophotometer at 630,691,664 and 647nm, total carotenoid content, measured
at 470nm, and percentage inhibition on electron transport, measured by the rate of
decolorization of DCPIP at 600nm, of Elodea canadensis.

To what extent do phytochemicals such as resveratrol, glyceollin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) possess comparable antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria to a non-prescription otitis externa (OE) treatments such as Ciprofloxacin using Bacillus subtilis as a prokaryotic model organism?

To what extent do different concentrations of Magnesium Nitrate (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 mM) affect the concentration of chlorophyll a and b in Ocimum basilicum at 645 nm and 662 nm wavelength using spectrophotometer?

 To what extent do phytochemicals such as resveratrol, glyceollin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) possess comparable antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria  to a non-prescription otitis externa (OE) treatments such as Ciprofloxacin using Bacillus subtilis as a prokaryotic model organism? 

To what extent is blood pressure related to the development of Alzheimer’s Disease in people in age above 50?

To what extent does the presence of acetaminophen (Tylenol), Polymixin B (Polysporin), and diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) in the growth medium of Cotoneaster acutifolius affect the average change in leaf length over a period of 15 days in five different concentrations? 

How do different concentrations of Punica granatum extracts: Peel, Flower and Leaves (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/ml) affect the rate of reaction of α-amylase and compare with metformin (anti-diabetic drug) as measured by a spectrophotometer at 587nm?

How effective is the Cone Repair technique when treating Ebstein’s Anomaly in comparison to other treatments?

To what extent does inhaling e-cigarettes affect the lungs’ vital capacity of high school students in Jakarta?

What is the Effect of Salinity Stress (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mM NaCl) Measured
Through Microscopic (Stomatal Aperture) and Morphological (Leaf Area, Leaf
Dry Mass, and Root Length) Characteristics on Pre-Treated Radish (Raphanus
sativus) Seeds with Magnetopriming (48 hours)?

To what extent do extracts of Allium sativum (garlic) and Zingiber officinale (ginger) reduce antimicrobial activity and how effective it is compared to antibiotics?

To what extent do different species of chili pepper consumption biologically affect the rate of lipid digestion in terms of pH change within 30 minutes?

To what extent does varying the duration (0 mins, 5 mins, 10 mins, 15 mins, 20 mins, 25 mins) at which a 25% solution consisting of ethanol-dissolved ayurvedic spices (curcumin and black cumin) is maintained at 60°C affect the antimicrobial activity of these spices against a K12 strain of Escherichia coli?

To what extent does irrigation with carbonated water affect the ferric ion
(Fe3+) nutrient content of Brassica oleracea ‘Black Tuscany’
microgreens?

 To what extent does high intensity interval training (HIIT) effect the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) in sedentary populations?

How Does The Pollution of Oestrogens into Freshwater Systems Affect the Biological Processes of Fathead Minnows?

What is the effect of seawater mixture (0%, 5%, 10%) on the germination of black chickpeas (Cicer arietinum), Green Gram (Vigna radiata) and Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) for 5 days and their subsequent growth when watered using tap water for 10 days where growth was measured by plant height (±0.05 cm) and dry mass (±0.001 g)?

To what extent do the antibacterial properties of metals copper, barium and silver aid in the inhibition of the growth of bacteria Staphylocollucus albus? 

The question around which this essay is based, “Is the cone repair a suitable approach for severe forms of Ebstein anomaly?” aims to investigate whether the cone repair is a suitable procedure to treat this condition. Therefore the most effective in the long term, to guarantee the patient the best quality of life possible and increase his/her life expectancy.

“Is the cone repair a suitable approach for severe forms of Ebstein anomaly?”

How does increasing concentrations (75, 125, 250, 500, 750 ¿mol/L) of Nickel Chloride solution affect
the growth of Lupinus angustifolius seeds in a week?

To what extent does sucrose concentration (0.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0% measured in g/cm3) affect the inheritance of body pigmentation related genes in Drosophila melanogaster measured as percentages, specifically of the ebony (black colour) gene and of the tan (yellow colour) gene?

What is required to bring the Velociraptor mongoliensis back from extinction, and is it possible to ethically do so within the century? 

Do energy drinks have an erosive potential that has an adverse
impact on tooth enamel, affecting tooth structure and
progressively deteriorating the oral health of consumers?

To what extent does garlic (Allium Sativum L.) affect the elasticity of collagen and can it be used to reduce the degeneration of collagen in skin?

How do the two genders female and male differ in maximum muscular strength in form of grip strength and maximum jump within the age groups 9-60 years old?

How does the HLA-DRB1 gene (HLA-DR3 and DR4 alleles) affect the risk of type 1 diabetes in the United States, as measured by the prevalence rate of type 1 diabetes? Hence, how does that affect the severity of COVID-19, as measured by the mortality rate of COVID-19?

How do increasing concentrations of Baobab and honey effect the restriction of growth of E.coli K-12?

What is the effect of varying salt concentrations (0%, 0.6%, 1.2%, 1.8%, 2.4%, 3.0% NaCl(aq)) on the survival rate of hydroponically grown water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica)?

To what extent do periodontal diseases affect the probability of having cardiovascular diseases?

To what extent does the amount of gentamicin given to Bacillus subtilis inhibit their growth?

To what extent do Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapies (ACTs),
Artemether-lumefantrine (AL), Artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ),
Artesunate-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS-SP), Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine
(DHA-PQ), and Artesunate-pyronaridine (AS-Py) effectively treat uncomplicated
Plasmodium falciparum (malaria) in patients under 16 years with HIV and in Burkina Faso,
Nigeria, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Ghana and Madagascar?

How does juice from garlic Allium sativum cloves prepared in different ways (fresh raw, crushed one day prior, cooked, kept in oil, fermented in brine and fermented (black garlic)) affect the growth of a non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli?

To what extent do bioinformatic tools such as CB Dock 2 and Chimera help in the analysis of phytochemicals (Calotropone, Quercetin, Thymoquinone) compared to allopathic drugs (Gemcitabine, Olaparib, Fluorouracil) against target receptors of pancreatic cancer (human glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1 (GOT1), threonine-protein kinase BUB1, and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma)?

To what extent does performing the dance styles, Cha Cha, Viennese Waltz, and Modern Contemporary affect human fitness levels as measured by Oxygen Consumption (VO2) and Maximum Heart Rate (bpm)?

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