Question 1
The graph illustrates warming of the oceans.
Identify two decades during which the sea surface temperature anomaly, averaged over the years shown for that decade, exceeded 0.8°C.
[2]
Explain two effects of ocean warming on marine ecosystems.
[4]
Explain two ways in which climate change can increase health hazards.
[4]
Question 2
The graph illustrates ocean temperature changes that can affect coastal communities.
I.
Using the average line, estimate the sea surface temperature anomaly in 1990.
[1]
II.
Using the average line, estimate the sea surface temperature anomaly in 2023.
[1]
Suggest two ways in which ocean warming could threaten the livelihoods of coastal communities.
[4]
Suggest two reasons why the timing of future climate-related migration is uncertain.
[4]
Question 3
The infographic illustrates connections between global warming and changes in the hydrosphere.
I.
Do all six sea-level datasets show an overall increase between their earliest plotted year and 2000? State your answer.
[1]
II.
State the approximate September Arctic sea-ice extent around 2000, in million km².
[1]
Suggest one advantage of presenting several independent datasets for the same indicator.
[2]
To what extent does the evidence in the infographic support the view that changes in the hydrosphere provide consistent evidence of global warming?
[6]
Question 4
The infographic presents environmental observations relevant to assessing future consequences of climate change for societies.
Describe the overall trends in land-surface air temperature and sea-surface temperature between 1900 and 2000.
[2]
Outline one limitation of using graphs with different starting dates to compare changes in the indicators.
[2]
To what extent does the evidence in the infographic support the view that the future impacts of climate change on societies can be predicted with confidence?
[6]
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Question 5
“Climate change will create more opportunities than threats for agriculture.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 6
“Loss of ice is the most significant consequence of climate change for the natural environment.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 7
“The consequences of climate change for ocean transport are mainly beneficial.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 8
“Changes in extreme weather will have greater impacts on societies than rising sea levels.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
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Question 9
“The benefits of climate change will be confined to high-latitude regions.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 10
“Differences in vulnerability explain the uneven impacts of climate change on societies more than differences in physical conditions do.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
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