Question 1
The graph illustrates differences in population age structure, which can influence vulnerability to climate change.
Describe the variation in the percentage of the population aged 65 years and over among Germany, Italy and Japan.
[2]
Explain two reasons why older people may be particularly vulnerable to more frequent heatwaves.
[4]
Explain two reasons why international agreements to reduce greenhouse gas emissions may be difficult to implement.
[4]
Question 2
The graph illustrates an age-related factor that governments may consider when planning adaptation to climate change.
I.
Identify the country with the lowest percentage of its population aged 65 years and over.
[1]
II.
Estimate the percentage of Brazil’s population aged 65 years and over.
[1]
Suggest two government-led adaptation measures that could reduce older people’s vulnerability to climate change.
[4]
Explain two ways in which civil society organizations can increase public awareness of climate change risk.
[4]
Question 3
The infographic illustrates an economic consideration affecting the choice of technologies for climate change mitigation.
I.
State the labelled cost of electricity from solar photovoltaic power in 2009.
[1]
II.
State the labelled cost of electricity from coal in 2019.
[1]
Suggest one limitation of using the cost data shown to decide whether a country should replace fossil-fuel electricity generation with renewables.
[2]
To what extent does the evidence in the infographic support the view that switching from fossil fuels to renewable electricity was economically attractive in 2019?
[6]
Question 4
The infographic illustrates how changing technology costs can affect the financial practicality of climate change mitigation.
Describe the differences in the percentage decreases in electricity costs for solar photovoltaic, onshore wind and solar thermal tower power between 2009 and 2019.
[2]
Outline one limitation of joining the 2009 and 2019 cost values with straight lines to represent change over time.
[2]
To what extent does the evidence in the infographic support the view that low-carbon electricity technologies experienced greater cost reductions than fossil-fuel technologies between 2009 and 2019?
[6]
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Question 5
“Wealth is the most important factor affecting a society’s vulnerability to climate change.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 6
“Where people live determines their vulnerability to climate change more than social differences do.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 7
“Non-governmental stakeholders can respond to climate change more effectively than governments can.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 8
“Corporate strategies have a greater influence on climate change than civil society strategies.” To what extent do you agree with this statement? Use evidence from a country case study of non-governmental action in your response.
[10]
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Question 9
“Government-led adaptation is more effective than mitigation in reducing climate change risk.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 10
“Carbon emissions trading is the most practical government-led strategy for mitigating global climate change.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 11
“Differences in risk perception are the main reason why stakeholders disagree about the urgency of climate action.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 12
“The practicality of climate action causes more disagreement than either its need or its urgency.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
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