Question 1
The graph illustrates changes in national carbon dioxide emissions per person.
I.
State the country with the highest carbon dioxide emissions per person in 2022.
[1]
II.
Estimate Germany’s carbon dioxide emissions per person in 1990.
[1]
Suggest two reasons why economic development may lead to increasing carbon dioxide emissions per person.
[4]
Explain two ways in which human activities contribute to the enhanced greenhouse effect.
[4]
Question 2
The graph illustrates contrasting national trajectories of carbon dioxide emissions per person.
Identify the two countries whose carbon dioxide emissions per person were lower in 2022 than in 1990.
[2]
Suggest two reasons why countries with similar levels of economic development may have different carbon dioxide emissions per person.
[4]
Explain two reasons why the cooling effect of a volcanic eruption may vary.
[4]
Question 3
Refer to the infographic in the accompanying resource booklet, which illustrates the relationship between economic growth and changes in emissions.
Describe the relationship between GDP per capita and production-based emissions per capita in the United Kingdom since 1990.
[2]
Suggest one improvement to the presentation of the infographic that would allow a clearer comparison of emissions per capita between countries.
[2]
To what extent does the evidence in the infographic support the view that economic growth can occur alongside reductions in emissions?
[6]
Question 4
Refer to the infographic in the accompanying resource booklet, which illustrates how accounting for international trade affects the measurement of changes in emissions.
I.
State the approximate percentage decrease since 1990 in consumption-based emissions per capita at the final plotted point for France.
[1]
II.
State the approximate percentage decrease since 1990 in production-based emissions per capita at the final plotted point for France.
[1]
Outline one limitation of using the emissions data in this infographic to assess changes in countries' contributions to the enhanced greenhouse effect.
[2]
To what extent does the evidence in the infographic support the view that accounting for international trade substantially weakens the evidence of progress in reducing emissions?
[6]
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Question 5
“Changes in outgoing longwave radiation are more important than changes in absorbed shortwave radiation in explaining global climate change.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 6
“Terrestrial albedo change is the most significant positive feedback in the climate system.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 7
“Natural variations in solar radiation have only a short-term influence on global climate.” To what extent do you agree with this statement? In your response, consider more than one timescale.
[10]
Question 8
“Economic development is the main cause of international variations in greenhouse gas emissions.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
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Question 9
“Globalization increases greenhouse gas emissions more than it helps to reduce them.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 10
“Territorial emissions provide the fairest measure of a country’s contribution to the enhanced greenhouse effect.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 11
“Feedback mechanisms are more important than initial forcings in determining the scale of global climate change.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
Question 12
“The causes of global climate change can only be understood at the global scale.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
[10]
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