Question 1
Refer to the map, which illustrates spatial variations in earthquake shaking intensity.
I.
State the mapped shaking-intensity category at Marrakesh.
[1]
II.
Identify the highest shaking-intensity category mapped around the epicentre.
[1]
Outline one reason why buildings experiencing the same shaking intensity may suffer different amounts of damage.
[2]
I.
Explain one way in which weak governance can increase vulnerability to geophysical hazards.
[3]
II.
Explain one way in which high population density can increase losses from a geophysical hazard event.
[3]
Question 2
Refer to the infographic, which illustrates the role of warning technology in reducing earthquake risk.
I.
Identify one automated action shown that protects infrastructure.
[1]
II.
Identify one channel shown through which people can receive an earthquake alert.
[1]
Outline one reason why an earthquake warning may not prevent casualties.
[2]
Explain two ways in which education can reduce human vulnerability to earthquakes.
[6]
Question 3
Refer to the map, which illustrates the spatial extent of earthquake shaking.
Describe the pattern of shaking intensity with increasing distance from the epicentre.
[2]
Outline one reason why earthquake shaking generally becomes weaker with increasing distance from the epicentre.
[2]
Explain two human activities that can increase the likelihood of mass movements.
[6]
Question 4
Refer to the infographic, which illustrates how earthquake monitoring is linked to protective responses.
Describe the pathway of earthquake-warning information from field sensors to distribution partners.
[2]
Outline one advantage of using automated protective actions rather than relying only on people to respond to an earthquake warning.
[2]
Explain two socio-economic or political factors that can influence how effectively earthquake warning systems reduce impacts.
[6]
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Question 5
Examine the extent to which the global distributions of earthquakes, volcanoes and mass movements coincide.
[10]
Question 6
Evaluate the usefulness of hazard magnitude and recurrence intervals for planning the management of geophysical hazard risk.
[10]
Question 7
To what extent can investment in technology overcome social and demographic sources of geophysical hazard risk?
[10]
Question 8
Examine how time of day and accessibility influence the impacts of geophysical hazard events in rural and urban areas.
[10]
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Question 9
To what extent does economic development reduce deaths from geophysical hazards without reducing economic losses?
[10]
Question 10
Examine why communities exposed to infrequent geophysical hazard events may be more vulnerable than communities exposed to frequent events.
[10]
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