Question 1
Refer to the diagram, which illustrates the use of monitoring technology in tsunami risk management.
I.
Identify the labelled recording component located on the sea floor.
[1]
II.
Identify the satellite connected to the surface buoy.
[1]
Outline one way in which deep-ocean tsunami detection can reduce loss of life.
[2]
Explain two ways in which household preparedness can reduce vulnerability to tsunami hazards.
[6]
Question 2
Refer to the map, which illustrates the spatial extent of volcanic hazards.
I.
State the hazard zone category mapped at the summit of Mount Rainier.
[1]
II.
Identify one hazard, other than lahars, included in the near-volcano category in the key.
[1]
Outline one reason why lahar hazard zones extend along river valleys.
[2]
I.
Explain how drainage can stabilize a slope against mass movement.
[3]
II.
Explain how insurance can increase household resilience to geophysical disasters.
[3]
Question 3
Refer to the diagram, which illustrates the communication links used in tsunami monitoring.
I.
Identify the method of communication shown between the seabed recorder and the surface buoy.
[1]
II.
State the labelled antenna system through which the buoy communicates with the satellite.
[1]
Outline one reason why international cooperation is needed for tsunami warning systems.
[2]
I.
Explain how earthquake-resistant building design can reduce building collapse.
[3]
II.
Explain how GPS crater monitoring can help manage volcanic hazards.
[3]
Question 4
Refer to the map, which illustrates volcanic hazards threatening settlements and infrastructure.
I.
State the mapped hazard affecting Orting.
[1]
II.
Identify one of the two river valleys for which estimated lahar arrival times are shown.
[1]
Outline one possible effect of a lahar on transport infrastructure.
[2]
Explain two reasons why lava diversion may fail to protect settlements.
[6]
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Question 5
Evaluate land use zoning as a strategy for adapting to geophysical hazards.
[10]
Question 6
To what extent will population growth determine future global losses from geophysical disasters?
[10]
Question 7
To what extent can communications technologies ensure successful recovery from geophysical disasters?
[10]
Question 8
Examine how the spatial scale of geophysical events affects the challenges of managing their aftermaths.
[10]
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Question 9
Evaluate the contribution of post-disaster reconstruction to reducing future geophysical hazard risk.
[10]
Question 10
Examine why different stakeholders may disagree about how geophysical hazard risks should be managed.
[10]
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