Environmental Systems and Societies (ESS) is an interdisciplinary course that examines the interactions between environmental systems and human societies. Students explore ecological principles, sustainability, and global environmental challenges, developing critical thinking skills through practical investigations and research. The course encourages a holistic understanding of environmental issues from both scientific and socio-cultural perspectives.

Foundation

Ecology

Biodiversity and conservation

Water

IB ESS Notes

Foundation

Ecology

Biodiversity and conservation

Water

Land

Atmosphere and climate change

Natural resources

Human populations and urban systems

HL lensesHL