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Question 1
Describe the role of schema in cognition, using one relevant example.
[4]
Question 2
Describe how one cognitive bias influences decision-making. Include one example.
[4]
Question 3
Explain how social learning theory accounts for learning through observation. Refer to one example in your answer.
[4]
Question 4
Using one example, explain the value of dual processing theory for understanding decision-making.
[4]
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Question 5
Describe how social learning theory can be used to change behaviour, illustrated by one example.
[4]
Question 6
Context: Learning and cognition
During a training course, a short chime repeatedly sounds just before learners receive an unexpectedly difficult timed task. These tasks make Sam feel tense, although the chime did not initially produce this response. Later, Sam feels tense when the chime sounds even when no task follows.
Apply classical conditioning to account for Sam's learned response.
[6]
Question 7
Context: Learning and cognition
A tutor notices that learners often postpone starting their independent practice until the final few minutes of a session. The tutor wants them to open the practice materials and attempt the first question promptly after receiving instructions. Learners value choosing which activity the group completes at the end of the session.
Suggest a strategy based on operant conditioning to increase prompt starts, giving reasons for your proposal.
[6]
Question 8
Context: Learning and cognition
Leo's previous language lessons always began with a vocabulary quiz followed by a teacher's explanation. At a new class, learners instead start by discussing a photograph in pairs, and no quiz takes place. When describing the lesson later, Leo says that it began with a short vocabulary quiz.
Apply schema theory to account for Leo's recollection of the lesson.
[6]
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Question 9
Explain how social learning theory can account for different behaviours among people who have observed the same action. Illustrate your answer with one example.
[4]
Question 10
Context: Learning and cognition
At a bookbinding class, Arun watches an experienced learner demonstrate a sequence of folds while explaining each step. Arun can accurately describe the sequence afterwards but does not attempt it because he has not yet been given the necessary materials. At the next session, he receives the materials and completes the sequence successfully.
Apply social learning theory to account for Arun's learning and later performance.
[6]
Question 11
Context: Learning and cognition
Mira believes that rereading notes is the best way to prepare for a test. When choosing how to revise, she searches for accounts praising rereading and dismisses equally detailed accounts supporting other methods as unreliable. She decides to continue rereading without trying an alternative.
Analyse the role of one cognitive bias in Mira's decision-making.
[6]
Question 12
Context: Learning and cognition
During a practice test, Nia quickly chooses the first answer that looks familiar while also listening to a nearby conversation. In a later session, she works without interruptions, checks each option against the question and changes several of her initial choices. Both sessions contain questions of similar difficulty.
Apply dual processing theory to account for the difference in Nia's decision-making.
[6]
Build a Practice Exam — Psychology HL
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Question 13
In the context of learning and cognition, examine the role of one or more cognitive biases in decision-making with reference to causality.
[15]
Question 14
Evaluate the application of operant conditioning to change behaviour in learning and cognition with reference to responsibility.
[15]
Question 15
With reference to learning and cognition, to what extent does schema theory explain bias in cognition?
[15]
Question 16
A claim about change in learning and cognition is that observing others is sufficient to produce lasting change in behaviour. Discuss this claim with reference to social learning theory.
[15]
Build a Practice Exam — Psychology HL
Test your knowledge with a custom paper containing questions from selected topics.
Question 17
Discuss the value of dual processing theory for understanding thinking and decision-making in learning and cognition, with reference to measurement.
[15]
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