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Question 1
Describe neuroplasticity, using one example to illustrate its role in human behaviour.
[4]
Question 2
Explain how theory of mind contributes to communication, with reference to one example.
[4]
Question 3
Using one example, explain why the timing of experience matters during critical periods.
[4]
Question 4
Describe how one continuous model accounts for changes in cognitive abilities. Illustrate your answer with one example.
[4]
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Question 5
Context: Human development
At thirteen, Luca often abandoned a planned task when something more interesting appeared. Several years later, Luca is better able to keep a goal in mind and complete the task, although this remains difficult when feeling excited or upset. Luca's family has also provided regular opportunities to practise planning.
Apply your knowledge of brain maturation to Luca's changing ability to regulate behaviour.
[6]
Question 6
Context: Human development
Mina and Joel are the same age. Mina regularly helps relatives prepare community meals, where they ask her to plan quantities and explain her choices. Joel rarely takes part in these activities, and Mina is more confident than Joel when organizing supplies for a large group.
Suggest how one sociocultural factor could account for the difference in their developing abilities.
[6]
Question 7
Context: Human development
When younger, Amara decided whether a proposed explanation was correct by trying it with objects directly in front of her. Now she can consider several possible explanations, work out what each would predict and plan a test before handling the objects. Her teacher notices this change in science activities but not consistently in unfamiliar tasks.
Apply one stage theory to Amara's changing reasoning.
[6]
Question 8
Context: Human development
Ravi leaves his drawing in a classroom tray and goes outside. While he is away, a teacher moves the drawing to a folder without telling him. Having watched everything, three-year-old Ada says Ravi will look in the folder, whereas six-year-old Ben says he will look in the tray.
Analyse the children's different predictions using your knowledge of theory of mind.
[6]
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Question 9
With reference to causality, to what extent do critical periods explain human development?
[15]
Question 10
Examine the influence of one or more sociocultural factors on human development with reference to the concept of perspective.
[15]
Question 11
One claim in the psychology of human development is that change is better explained by continuous models than by stage theories. Evaluate this claim with reference to one or more stage theories and one or more continuous models.
[15]
Question 12
Discuss how bias may affect the use of theory of mind to understand human development and cognition.
[15]
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