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Vectors

Practice exam-style IB Math AA questions for Vectors, aligned with the syllabus and grouped by topic.

Paper
Difficulty
Status
Level
Question 1
HL • Paper 1
Easy
Non Calculator

The points AA and BB have position vectors

OA=(123),OB=(315)\vec{OA}=\begin{pmatrix}-1\\2\\3\end{pmatrix},\qquad \vec{OB}=\begin{pmatrix}3\\-1\\5\end{pmatrix}
A

Find AB\vec{AB} and AB|\vec{AB}|.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find a unit vector in the direction from BB to AA.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

The point PP lies on ABAB such that AP:PB=3:1AP:PB=3:1. Find the coordinates of PP.

[1]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 2
HL • Paper 1
Easy
Non Calculator

The line LL passes through the points A(2,1,3)A(2,-1,3) and B(5,1,1)B(5,-1,-1).

A

Find a vector equation of LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Write LL in Cartesian form.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

Determine whether the point C(11,1,9)C(11,-1,-9) lies on LL.

[1]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 3
HL • Paper 2
Easy
Calculator Permitted

The points AA and BB have coordinates A(2,1,4)A(-2,1,4) and B(4,3,7)B(4,-3,7). A point CC lies on the ray from AA through BB, and AC=10AC=10.

A

Find AB\overrightarrow{AB} and AB|\overrightarrow{AB}|.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the unit vector in the direction of AB\overrightarrow{AB}.

[1]
Write your answer here...
C

Find the coordinates of CC.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 4
HL • Paper 2
Easy
Calculator Permitted

Consider the lines

L1:r=(314)+s(221),L2:r=(a51)+t(663)L_1:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}3\\-1\\4\end{pmatrix}+s\begin{pmatrix}2\\-2\\1\end{pmatrix},\quad L_2:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}a\\5\\1\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}6\\-6\\3\end{pmatrix}
A

State why L1L_1 and L2L_2 are parallel or coincident.

[1]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the value of aa for which L1L_1 and L2L_2 are coincident.

[3]
Write your answer here...
C

Determine the relationship between L1L_1 and L2L_2 when a=9a=9.

[1]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 5
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

Let

u=(2p1),v=(p13)\mathbf{u}=\begin{pmatrix}2\\p\\-1\end{pmatrix},\qquad \mathbf{v}=\begin{pmatrix}p\\1\\3\end{pmatrix}
A

Given that u\mathbf{u} is perpendicular to v\mathbf{v}, find pp.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

For this value of pp, let θ\theta be the angle between u\mathbf{u} and a=(122)\mathbf{a}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\-2\\2\end{pmatrix}. Find the exact value of cosθ\cos\theta.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 6
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

Two particles PP and QQ move in three dimensions. At time tt seconds, their position vectors are

rP=(102)+t(211),rQ=(768)+t(122)\mathbf{r}_P=\begin{pmatrix}1\\0\\2\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\1\end{pmatrix},\qquad \mathbf{r}_Q=\begin{pmatrix}7\\-6\\8\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}-1\\2\\-2\end{pmatrix}

where t0t\geq 0.

A

Find the speed of each particle.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Determine whether the particles collide. If they do, find the time of collision.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 7
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

Let

u=(121),v=(312)\mathbf{u}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\-1\end{pmatrix},\qquad \mathbf{v}=\begin{pmatrix}3\\-1\\2\end{pmatrix}
A

Find u×v\mathbf{u}\times\mathbf{v}.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the area of the parallelogram with adjacent sides represented by u\mathbf{u} and v\mathbf{v}.

[1]
Write your answer here...
C

The points A(1,0,2)A(1,0,2), B(2,2,1)B(2,2,1) and C(4,1,4)C(4,-1,4) are such that AB=u\vec{AB}=\mathbf{u} and AC=v\vec{AC}=\mathbf{v}. Find the area of triangle ABCABC.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 8
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

The line LL and plane Π\Pi are given by

L:r=(121)+λ(112),Π:2xy+2z=3L:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\-1\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}1\\1\\2\end{pmatrix},\qquad \Pi:2x-y+2z=3
A

Find the point of intersection of LL and Π\Pi.

[3]
Write your answer here...
B

Let ϕ\phi be the acute angle between LL and Π\Pi. Find the exact value of sinϕ\sin\phi.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 9
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

The plane Π\Pi and line LL are given by

Π:x+ay+2z=4\Pi:x+ay+2z=4 L:r=(201)+λ(11a),λ,aRL:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}2\\0\\1\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}1\\-1\\a\end{pmatrix},\qquad \lambda,a\in\mathbb{R}
A

Find the value of aa for which the direction of LL is parallel to Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

For this value of aa, determine whether LL lies in Π\Pi or is parallel and distinct from Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 10
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

Let

u=(213),v=(k41)\mathbf{u}=\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\3\end{pmatrix},\quad \mathbf{v}=\begin{pmatrix}k\\4\\1\end{pmatrix}

where k>0k>0. The angle between u\mathbf{u} and v\mathbf{v} is 1.101.10 radians.

A

Write down uv\mathbf{u}\cdot \mathbf{v} in terms of kk.

[1]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the value of kk.

[4]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 11
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

The line L1L_1 passes through the points A(1,2,1)A(1,2,-1) and B(4,2,5)B(4,-2,5). The line L2L_2 has equation

r=(210)+t(122)\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}2\\1\\0\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\-2\end{pmatrix}
A

Find a vector equation for L1L_1.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Write L1L_1 in Cartesian form.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

Find the acute angle between L1L_1 and L2L_2.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 12
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

The lines L1L_1 and L2L_2 are given by

L1:r=(102)+λ(213),L2:r=(5m8)+μ(112)L_1:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\0\\2\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\3\end{pmatrix},\quad L_2:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}5\\m\\8\end{pmatrix}+\mu\begin{pmatrix}1\\1\\2\end{pmatrix}
A

Show that, if the lines intersect, then λ=2\lambda=2.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the value of mm for which the lines intersect.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

Find the point of intersection when m=2m=-2.

[1]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 13
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

The points AA, BB and CC have coordinates A(2,1,0)A(2,-1,0), B(5,1,4)B(5,1,4) and C(0,3,2)C(0,3,2).

A three-dimensional sketch of triangle ABC with vertices labelled A, B and C. The sides AB and AC should be shown as adjacent vectors from A, with no numerical cross product or area displayed.
A

Find AB×AC\rightarrow{AB}\times \rightarrow{AC}.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the area of triangle ABCABC.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

Find a unit vector perpendicular to the plane containing AA, BB and CC.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 14
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

A plane \i\i has vector equation

r=(123)+λ(210)+μ(132)\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\-3\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}2\\1\\0\end{pmatrix}+\mu\begin{pmatrix}-1\\3\\2\end{pmatrix}

The point P(k,1,0)P(k,1,0) lies on \i\i.

A

Find a normal vector to \i\i.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the Cartesian equation of \i\i.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

Find kk.

[1]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 15
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

The line LL and plane π\pi are given by

L:r=(214)+t(132),π:2xy+z=7L:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\4\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}1\\3\\-2\end{pmatrix},\quad \pi:2x-y+z=7
A

Find the point where LL intersects π\pi.

[3]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the acute angle between LL and π\pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 16
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

Consider the lines

L1:r=(121)+λ(213),L2:r=(31k)+μ(111)L_1:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\-1\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\3\end{pmatrix},\qquad L_2:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}3\\1\\k\end{pmatrix}+\mu\begin{pmatrix}1\\1\\-1\end{pmatrix}

where λ,μ,kR\lambda,\mu,k\in\mathbb{R}.

A

Show that the two direction vectors are not parallel.

[1]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the value of kk for which L1L_1 and L2L_2 intersect.

[4]
Write your answer here...
C

State the relationship between L1L_1 and L2L_2 when k2k\ne 2.

[1]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 17
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

The plane Π\Pi passes through the points A(1,0,1)A(1,0,-1), B(2,3,0)B(2,3,0) and C(1,1,2)C(-1,1,2).

A

Find two non-parallel direction vectors in Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find a normal vector to Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

Hence find a Cartesian equation of Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 18
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

The planes Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2 are given by

Π1:x+z=2\Pi_1:x+z=2 Π2:px+y+z=1\Pi_2:px+y+z=1

where pRp\in\mathbb{R}. The acute angle between the planes is π4\dfrac{\pi}{4}.

A

Determine the value of pp.

[4]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 19
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

The line LL has equation

L:r=(112)+λ(211),λRL:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\-1\\2\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}2\\1\\-1\end{pmatrix},\qquad \lambda\in\mathbb{R}

The point PP has coordinates (0,3,1)(0,3,1). A plane Π\Pi contains LL and the point PP.

A

Find a vector in Π\Pi which is not parallel to LL.

[1]
Write your answer here...
B

Find a normal vector to Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

Hence find a Cartesian equation of Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 20
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

The planes Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2 are given by

Π1:x+y+z=3\Pi_1:x+y+z=3 Π2:2xy+z=1\Pi_2:2x-y+z=1

The planes intersect in the line LL.

A

Find a direction vector for LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find one point on LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

Hence write a vector equation of LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 21
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

Two drones, AA and BB, move in straight lines. Their position vectors, in kilometres, tt hours after 09:00 are

rA=(140)+t(211),rB=(723)+t(120)\mathbf{r}_A=\begin{pmatrix}1\\4\\0\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\1\end{pmatrix},\quad \mathbf{r}_B=\begin{pmatrix}7\\-2\\3\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}-1\\2\\0\end{pmatrix}

where 0t40\leq t\leq 4.

Drone

Initial position vector / km

Velocity vector / km h1\text{km h}^{-1}

A

(1,4,0)(1,4,0)

(2,1,1)(2,-1,1)

B

(7,2,3)(7,-2,3)

(1,2,0)(-1,2,0)

A

Find rBrA\mathbf{r}_B-\mathbf{r}_A in terms of tt.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the minimum distance between the drones during this time interval.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 22
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

The planes \i1\i_1 and \i2\i_2 are given by

\i1:x+2ykz=5,\i2:3xy+2z=7\i_1:x+2y-kz=5,\quad \i_2:3x-y+2z=7

where k>1k>1. The acute angle between the planes is 1.101.10 radians.

A

Write down normal vectors to \i1\i_1 and \i2\i_2.

[1]
Write your answer here...
B

Find kk.

[4]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 23
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

The planes \i1\i_1 and \i2\i_2 are given by

\i1:x+2yz=4,\i2:3xy+2z=1\i_1:x+2y-z=4,\quad \i_2:3x-y+2z=1

The planes intersect in the line LL.

A

Find a direction vector for LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find a vector equation for LL.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 24
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

The points A(1,2,0)A(1,2,0), B(3,0,1)B(3,0,1) and C(0,1,4)C(0,1,4) lie in the plane Π\Pi. A point DD lies on the line through AA perpendicular to Π\Pi.

A
I.

Find AB\vec{AB} and AC\vec{AC}.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Hence find a normal vector to Π\Pi.

[3]
Write your answer here...
B

Find a Cartesian equation of Π\Pi.

[3]
Write your answer here...
C

Given that AD=3146AD=3\sqrt{146} and that the zz-coordinate of DD is positive, find the coordinates of DD.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 25
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

The line LL has equation r=(213)+λ(122)\mathbf r=\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\3\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\-2\end{pmatrix}, λR\lambda\in\mathbb R. The point PP has coordinates (5,0,1)(5,0,1).

A
I.

Let AA be a general point on LL. Write down PA\vec{PA} in terms of λ\lambda.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find the value of λ\lambda for which PAPA is perpendicular to LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Hence find the shortest distance from PP to LL.

[2]
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C

The point RR lies on LL and PR=14PR=\sqrt{14}. Find the possible coordinates of RR.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 26
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

The lines L1L_1 and L2L_2 are defined by L1:r=(102)+λ(211)L_1:\mathbf r=\begin{pmatrix}1\\0\\2\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}2\\1\\-1\end{pmatrix} and L2:r=(3k1)+μ(112)L_2:\mathbf r=\begin{pmatrix}3\\k\\1\end{pmatrix}+\mu\begin{pmatrix}1\\-1\\2\end{pmatrix}, where kRk\in\mathbb R.

A
I.

Show that L1L_1 and L2L_2 are not parallel.

[1]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find the exact value of the cosine of the acute angle between L1L_1 and L2L_2.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the value of kk for which L1L_1 and L2L_2 intersect, and find the point of intersection.

[4]
Write your answer here...
C

State the relationship between L1L_1 and L2L_2 when k1k\ne1.

[1]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 27
HL • Paper 1
Medium
Non Calculator

Two lines are given by L1:r=(012)+λ(121)L_1:\mathbf r=\begin{pmatrix}0\\1\\2\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\-1\end{pmatrix} and L2:r=(103)+μ(121)L_2:\mathbf r=\begin{pmatrix}1\\0\\3\end{pmatrix}+\mu\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\-1\end{pmatrix}, where λ,μR\lambda,\mu\in\mathbb R.

A
I.

State why the lines are parallel.

[1]
Write your answer here...
II.

Show that the lines are distinct.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find a Cartesian equation of the plane containing both L1L_1 and L2L_2.

[3]
Write your answer here...
C

Find the exact distance between L1L_1 and L2L_2.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 28
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

Two inspection robots, AA and BB, move along straight paths inside a storage facility. Their position vectors, in metres, tt minutes after 10:00, are

rA=(210)+t(312),rB=(1254)+t(121)\mathbf{r}_A=\begin{pmatrix}2\\1\\0\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}3\\-1\\2\end{pmatrix},\qquad \mathbf{r}_B=\begin{pmatrix}12\\-5\\4\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}-1\\2\\1\end{pmatrix}

where 0t40\leq t\leq 4.

A
I.

Find the speed of each robot.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find the acute angle between the two paths.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Let D(t)D(t) be the distance between the robots at time tt. Show that D(t)2=26t2124t+152D(t)^2=26t^2-124t+152.

[3]
Write your answer here...
C

Hence find the minimum distance between the robots during the four-minute interval. State whether they come within 22 metres of each other.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 29
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

A triangular metal plate has vertices A(1,2,1)A(1,2,-1), B(5,0,2)B(5,0,2) and C(2,6,1)C(2,6,1). A laser path is modelled by the infinite line

L:r=(875)+λ(213)L:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}8\\7\\5\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}-2\\-1\\-3\end{pmatrix}
A 3D schematic showing triangular metal plate $ABC$ lying within a larger translucent plane, with an infinite straight line labelled $L$ intersecting the plane at a point outside the finite triangle, on an extension beyond the plate. Show the line direction with an arrow, but do not show intersection coordinates or suggest that the line enters the triangular plate.
A
I.

Find AB×AC\vec{AB}\times\vec{AC}.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find the area of triangle ABCABC.

[2]
Write your answer here...
III.

Find a Cartesian equation of the plane containing the plate.

[1]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the point where the line LL meets the plane of the plate.

[3]
Write your answer here...
C

Find the acute angle between the line LL and the plate.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 30
HL • Paper 2
Medium
Calculator Permitted

The line LL is given by

L:r=(123)+λ(211)L:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\-2\\3\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}2\\1\\-1\end{pmatrix}

A plane π\pi contains LL and the point P(4,0,5)P(4,0,5).

A three-dimensional sketch showing a plane containing a labelled line L and a labelled point P not on the line. The direction of L should be indicated, with no normal vector or angle values shown.
A

Find two non-parallel direction vectors in π\pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the Cartesian equation of π\pi.

[3]
Write your answer here...
C

Find the acute angle between π\pi and the plane x+y2z=0x+y-2z=0.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 31
HL • Paper 3
Medium
Calculator Permitted

A navigation system records three points in space, A(6,2,1)A(-6,2,-1), B(0,1,1)B(0,1,1) and C(4,6,2)C(-4,6,-2). A fourth point DD is to be chosen so that ABDCABDC is a parallelogram, with ABAB and ACAC as adjacent sides.

A three-dimensional coordinate diagram showing points A, B and C with arrows from A to B and from A to C. The point D is not plotted, but a faint parallelogram outline indicates where it will be completed. Axes are labelled x, y and z.
A
AI.

Find AB\vec{AB} and AC\vec{AC}.

[2]
Write your answer here...
AII.

Determine the coordinates of DD.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B
B.

Show that the diagonals of ABDCABDC bisect each other.

[2]
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C

point PP moves along the diagonal ADAD.

CI.

Show that the value of the parameter tt for which P=A+tADP=A+t\vec{AD} is closest to the origin is 4374\frac{43}{74}.

[3]
Write your answer here...
CII.

Hence find the minimum distance from the origin to the diagonal ADAD. If you did not obtain t=4374t=\frac{43}{74}, use this value.

[1]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 32
HL • Paper 1
Hard
Non Calculator

Two particles AA and BB move in straight lines. At time tt seconds, their position vectors are rA=(120)+t(211)\mathbf r_A=\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\0\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\1\end{pmatrix} and rB=(510)+t(110)\mathbf r_B=\begin{pmatrix}5\\1\\0\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}-1\\1\\0\end{pmatrix}, where t0t\geq0.

A
I.

Write down AB\vec{AB} in terms of tt.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Show that AB2=14t228t+17AB^2=14t^2-28t+17.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the minimum distance between the particles and the time at which it occurs.

[3]
Write your answer here...
C

Find the values of tt for which AB=7AB=\sqrt7.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 33
HL • Paper 1
Hard
Non Calculator

The planes Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2 have equations Π1:x+2yz=4\Pi_1:x+2y-z=4 and Π2:2xy+z=0\Pi_2:2x-y+z=0. Their line of intersection is LL.

A
I.

Find a direction vector for LL.

[3]
Write your answer here...
II.

Show that (1,1,1)(1,1,-1) lies on LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Write down a vector equation of LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

Find the exact value of the cosine of the acute angle between Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2.

[2]
Write your answer here...
D

Find the Cartesian equation of the plane which contains LL and the point Q(1,0,0)Q(1,0,0).

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 34
HL • Paper 1
Hard
Non Calculator

The plane Π\Pi has vector equation r=(102)+s(111)+t(211)\mathbf r=\begin{pmatrix}1\\0\\2\end{pmatrix}+s\begin{pmatrix}1\\1\\-1\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\1\end{pmatrix}, where s,tRs,t\in\mathbb R. The line LL is given by r=(325)+λ(121)\mathbf r=\begin{pmatrix}3\\-2\\5\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}-1\\2\\-1\end{pmatrix}.

A
I.

Find a normal vector to Π\Pi.

[3]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find a Cartesian equation of Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the point of intersection of LL and Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

Find the exact value of sinϕ\sin\phi, where ϕ\phi is the acute angle between LL and Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
D

Find the Cartesian equation of the plane which contains LL and is perpendicular to Π\Pi.

[2]
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0

Question 35
HL • Paper 1
Hard
Non Calculator

The points A(1,0,0)A(1,0,0), B(3,1,1)B(3,1,-1), D(p,1,3)D(p,1,3) and CC form a parallelogram ABCDABCD, where C=B+DAC=B+D-A.

A
I.

Find AB\vec{AB} and AD\vec{AD} in terms of pp.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find the value of pp for which ABCDABCD is a rectangle.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

For p=2p=2, find the area of ABCDABCD.

[3]
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C

For p=2p=2, find a Cartesian equation of the plane containing the rectangle.

[3]
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0

Question 36
HL • Paper 1
Hard
Non Calculator

The plane Π\Pi has equation 2xy+2z=52x-y+2z=5. The point PP has coordinates (4,1,2)(4,1,2).

A
I.

Write down a vector equation of the line through PP perpendicular to Π\Pi.

[2]
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II.

Find the coordinates of the foot HH of the perpendicular from PP to Π\Pi.

[2]
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B

Find the distance from PP to Π\Pi.

[2]
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C

The point PP' is the reflection of PP in Π\Pi. Find the coordinates of PP'.

[3]
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0

Question 37
HL • Paper 1
Hard
Non Calculator

Two intersecting lines L1L_1 and L2L_2 pass through A(1,2,1)A(1,2,-1). Their direction vectors are d1=(112)\mathbf d_1=\begin{pmatrix}1\\-1\\2\end{pmatrix} and d2=(211)\mathbf d_2=\begin{pmatrix}2\\1\\-1\end{pmatrix} respectively. The plane containing both lines is Π\Pi. The plane Σ\Sigma has equation x+yz=0x+y-z=0.

A
I.

Find a normal vector to Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find a Cartesian equation of Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the exact value of the cosine of the acute angle between Π\Pi and Σ\Sigma.

[2]
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C

Find a vector equation of the line of intersection of Π\Pi and Σ\Sigma.

[4]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 38
HL • Paper 2
Hard
Calculator Permitted

Two straight service cables are modelled by the lines

L1:r=(102)+λ(211),L2:r=(451)+μ(122)L_1:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\0\\2\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}2\\1\\-1\end{pmatrix},\qquad L_2:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}4\\5\\-1\end{pmatrix}+\mu\begin{pmatrix}1\\-2\\2\end{pmatrix}
A 3D sketch of two non-parallel cables labelled L1 and L2 with a short segment drawn between them at right angles to both cables. No coordinates or parameter values are shown.
A
I.

Show that the two lines do not intersect.

[3]
Write your answer here...
II.

State the geometrical relationship between the two lines.

[1]
Write your answer here...
B

Let PP be the point on L1L_1 and QQ the point on L2L_2 such that PQPQ is perpendicular to both lines. Find the coordinates of PP and QQ.

[5]
Write your answer here...
C

Hence find the shortest distance between the two cables and the acute angle between them.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 39
HL • Paper 2
Hard
Calculator Permitted

The planes Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2 are given by

Π1:x2y+z=3,Π2:2x+yz=4\Pi_1:x-2y+z=3,\qquad \Pi_2:2x+y-z=4

They intersect in the line LL. The point AA has coordinates (4,1,7)(4,1,7).

A
I.

Find a direction vector for LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find a vector equation of LL.

[3]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the point on LL closest to AA. If you did not obtain a vector equation for LL, use r=(11/52/50)+t(135)\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}11/5\\-2/5\\0\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}1\\3\\5\end{pmatrix}.

[3]
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C

Find the acute angle between Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2.

[2]
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0

Question 40
HL • Paper 2
Hard
Calculator Permitted

A parallelogram-shaped sensor screen lies in the plane

Π:r=(213)+λ(120)+μ(012)\Pi:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\3\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\0\end{pmatrix}+\mu\begin{pmatrix}0\\1\\2\end{pmatrix}

where 0λ30\leq \lambda\leq 3 and 0μ20\leq \mu\leq 2. A signal travels along

L:r=(1058)+t(321)L:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}10\\5\\8\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}-3\\-2\\-1\end{pmatrix}
A tilted parallelogram-shaped screen in 3D with two clearly labelled parameter directions, $\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\0\end{pmatrix}$ and $\begin{pmatrix}0\\1\\2\end{pmatrix}$, and a straight incoming signal line. The diagram should show the parallelogram boundaries and vertices, use legible labels without overlap or corrupted fragments, and not show the intersection point.
A
I.

Find a normal vector to Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Show that a Cartesian equation of Π\Pi is 4x2y+z=134x-2y+z=13.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the point where the signal line meets the plane of the screen.

[3]
Write your answer here...
C

Determine whether the signal hits the parallelogram-shaped screen. Justify your answer.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 41
HL • Paper 2
Hard
Calculator Permitted

The points A(1,2,0)A(1,2,0), B(7,5,2)B(7,5,2), C(5,11,5)C(5,11,5) and D(1,8,3)D(-1,8,3) are vertices of a quadrilateral. The point EE has coordinates (2,4,9)(2,4,9).

A
I.

Show that ABCDABCD is a parallelogram.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find the area of ABCDABCD.

[2]
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B

Find a Cartesian equation of the plane containing ABCDABCD.

[3]
Write your answer here...
C

Find the shortest distance from EE to the plane containing ABCDABCD. If you did not obtain the plane equation, use 3x22y+42z+47=0-3x-22y+42z+47=0.

[4]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 42
HL • Paper 2
Hard
Calculator Permitted

Two underwater probes move with constant velocities. Probe AA starts from (0,1,2)(0,1,-2) and has actual velocity (411)\begin{pmatrix}4\\-1\\1\end{pmatrix} metres per second. Probe BB starts from (18,2,5)(18,-2,5) and has actual velocity (211)\begin{pmatrix}-2\\1\\-1\end{pmatrix} metres per second. Let tt be the time in seconds after both probes start moving.

A
I.

Write down vector equations for the positions of the two probes.

[2]
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II.

Find the acute angle between the paths of the two probes.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

Determine whether the probes collide.

[2]
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C

Find the time at which the probes are closest together, and find this minimum distance.

[4]
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0

Question 43
HL • Paper 2
Hard
Calculator Permitted

Two straight tunnels are modelled by

L1:r=(210)+s(121)L_1:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\0\end{pmatrix}+s\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\1\end{pmatrix} L2:r=(553)+u(210)L_2:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}5\\5\\3\end{pmatrix}+u\begin{pmatrix}-2\\1\\0\end{pmatrix}
A
I.

Show that the tunnels intersect, and find their point of intersection.

[3]
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II.

Find the angle between the two tunnels.

[1]
Write your answer here...
B

Find a Cartesian equation of the plane containing both tunnels.

[3]
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C

ventilation shaft is drilled from A(1,1,8)A(1,1,8) perpendicular to this plane. Find the point where the shaft meets the plane, and the length of the shaft.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 44
HL • Paper 3
Hard
Calculator Permitted

Two underwater vehicles move in straight lines. Their position vectors, in kilometres, tt hours after noon are

rP=(231)+t(121),rQ=(852)+t(201)\mathbf{r}_P=\begin{pmatrix}2\\-3\\1\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\-1\end{pmatrix},\qquad \mathbf{r}_Q=\begin{pmatrix}8\\5\\-2\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}-2\\0\\1\end{pmatrix}

where 0t50\leq t\leq 5.

Vehicle

x(t)x(t) / km

y(t)y(t) / km

z(t)z(t) / km

Time interval / h

P

2+t2+t

3+2t-3+2t

1t1-t

0t50\le t\le 5

Q

82t8-2t

55

2+t-2+t

0t50\le t\le 5

A
I.

Find the speed of each vehicle.

[2]
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B
I.

Show that the square of the distance between the vehicles is 17t280t+10917t^2-80t+109.

[3]
Write your answer here...
II.

Hence find the minimum distance between the vehicles during the time interval.

[3]
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C

For safety, the vehicles must remain at least 44 km apart.

I.

Determine the interval of time during which the safety condition (the vehicles' separation is at least 4 km4\ \text{km}) is not satisfied.

[3]
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II.

Find the duration of this unsafe interval.

[1]
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0

Question 45
HL • Paper 3
Hard
Calculator Permitted

Consider the two lines

L1:r=(123)+λ(211),L2:r=(a01)+μ(132)L_1:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\-2\\3\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}2\\1\\-1\end{pmatrix},\qquad L_2:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}a\\0\\1\end{pmatrix}+\mu\begin{pmatrix}1\\3\\-2\end{pmatrix}

where a,λ,μRa,\lambda,\mu\in\mathbb{R}.

A three-dimensional sketch showing exactly two non-parallel lines, labelled $L_1$ and $L_2$, in a representative skew configuration. Draw only one line $L_2$; do not show duplicate or alternative positions of $L_2$, and do not suggest a third line.
A
I.

Show that L1L_1 and L2L_2 are not parallel.

[1]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find the value of aa for which the two lines intersect, and find the point of intersection.

[5]
Write your answer here...
B
I.

State the relationship between the lines when a5a\ne 5.

[1]
Write your answer here...
C

Assume a5a\ne5.

I.

Find the shortest distance between L1L_1 and L2L_2 in terms of aa.

[4]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 46
HL • Paper 3
Hard
Calculator Permitted

The point Cs=(2,s,3)C_s=(2,s,3) moves along a straight vertical track. The fixed points are A(1,0,2)A(1,0,2) and B(4,1,1)B(4,1,-1). The area of triangle ABCsABC_s changes as ss varies.

A corrected three-dimensional coordinate diagram showing exactly three coordinate axes, labelled $x$, $y$, and $z$, with no additional horizontal ray. A vertical track, distinct from the coordinate axes, contains the points $C_s$. Fixed points $A$ and $B$ are shown, along with several faint possible positions of $C_s$. The triangle $ABC_s$ is shaded for one representative value of $s$.
I.

Find AB×ACs\vec{AB}\times\vec{AC_s} in terms of ss.

[3]
Write your answer here...
I.

Show that the area of triangle ABCsABC_s is 1218s2+38\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{18s^2+38}.

[2]
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II.

Hence find the minimum possible area of triangle ABCsABC_s.

[2]
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I.

Find the values of ss for which the area of triangle ABCsABC_s is 55 square units.

[3]
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II.

Explain geometrically why two different values of ss give the same area in part (c)(i).

[2]
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0

Question 47
HL • Paper 3
Hard
Calculator Permitted

A family of planes Πk\Pi_k passes through the point A(1,1,2)A(1,-1,2) and contains the two direction vectors

u=(210),v=(0k3)\mathbf{u}=\begin{pmatrix}2\\1\\0\end{pmatrix},\qquad \mathbf{v}=\begin{pmatrix}0\\k\\3\end{pmatrix}
A three-dimensional sketch of a plane through point A. Two non-parallel direction arrows in the plane are labelled u and v, with the second direction depending on k. A normal vector is shown perpendicular to the plane.
A
AI.

Find a normal vector to Πk\Pi_k in terms of kk.

[2]
Write your answer here...
AII.

Show that a Cartesian equation of Πk\Pi_k is 3x6y+2kz=9+4k3x-6y+2kz=9+4k.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B
B.

Find the value of kk for which P(5,0,1)P(5,0,1) lies on Πk\Pi_k.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

For the remainder of this question, take k=3k=3.

CI.

Find the acute angle between Π3\Pi_3 and the plane 2x+yz=42x+y-z=4.

[3]
Write your answer here...
CII.

Find the point on Π3\Pi_3 closest to the origin, and hence find the shortest distance from the origin to Π3\Pi_3.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 48
HL • Paper 3
Hard
Calculator Permitted

Two planes are given by

Π1:xy+2z=4\Pi_1:x-y+2z=4 Π2:2x+yz=1\Pi_2:2x+y-z=1

They intersect in a line LL.

A three-dimensional sketch of two non-parallel planes $\Pi_1$ and $\Pi_2$ intersecting in a single line $L$. Show the normals to both planes and highlight the line of intersection. Label the intersection line $L$ exactly once; do not include a second $L$ label or any leader pointing to a plane boundary.
A
I.

Find a direction vector for LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find a vector equation of LL.

[3]
Write your answer here...
B

For each real value of kk, define the plane

Πk:(1+2k)x+(1+k)y+(2k)z=4+k\Pi_k:(1+2k)x+(-1+k)y+(2-k)z=4+k
I.

Show that every plane Πk\Pi_k contains the line LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find kk such that Πk\Pi_k is perpendicular to the plane x+z=0x+z=0.

[2]
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C
I.

Find the acute angle between Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2.

[3]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 49
HL • Paper 1
Hard
Non Calculator

The lines L1L_1 and L2L_2 are given by L1:r=(000)+λ(100)L_1:\mathbf r=\begin{pmatrix}0\\0\\0\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}1\\0\\0\end{pmatrix} and L2:r=(102)+μ(011)L_2:\mathbf r=\begin{pmatrix}1\\0\\2\end{pmatrix}+\mu\begin{pmatrix}0\\1\\1\end{pmatrix}.

A
I.

Show that the two lines do not intersect.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

State the relationship between the two lines.

[1]
Write your answer here...
B

Let AA be a point on L1L_1 and BB be a point on L2L_2 such that ABAB is perpendicular to both lines. Find the coordinates of AA and BB.

[4]
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C

Hence find the shortest distance between L1L_1 and L2L_2.

[1]
Write your answer here...
D

Find the Cartesian equation of the plane containing L1L_1 and parallel to L2L_2.

[2]
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0

Question 50
HL • Paper 1
Hard
Non Calculator

Three planes are given by Π1:x+y+z=3\Pi_1:x+y+z=3, Π2:xy+2z=4\Pi_2:x-y+2z=4 and Π3:2x+ay+5z=b\Pi_3:2x+ay+5z=b, where a,bRa,b\in\mathbb R. The line of intersection of Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2 is denoted by LL.

A
I.

Find a direction vector for LL.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find a vector equation of LL.

[3]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the values of aa and bb for which Π3\Pi_3 contains LL.

[4]
Write your answer here...
C

For a=0a=0 and b=10b=10, find the common point of intersection of the three planes.

[3]
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0

Question 51
HL • Paper 2
Hard
Calculator Permitted

The line LL and the plane Πk\Pi_k are defined by

L:r=(121)+t(213),Πk:kx+y2z=5L:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\-1\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\3\end{pmatrix},\qquad \Pi_k:kx+y-2z=5

where kRk\in\mathbb{R}.

A
I.

Find the value of kk for which LL is parallel to Πk\Pi_k.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

For this value of kk, determine whether LL lies in Πk\Pi_k or is parallel and distinct from Πk\Pi_k.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B

For k=1k=1, find the point of intersection of LL and Πk\Pi_k, and find the acute angle between LL and Πk\Pi_k.

[4]
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C

Find all values of kk for which the acute angle between LL and Πk\Pi_k is 0.4000.400 radians.

[4]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 52
HL • Paper 2
Hard
Calculator Permitted

Three planes are defined by

Π1:x+y+z=6\Pi_1:x+y+z=6 Π2:2xy+3z=10\Pi_2:2x-y+3z=10 Π3:x+ay+2z=7\Pi_3:x+ay+2z=7

where aRa\in\mathbb{R}.

A
I.

Find a vector equation of the line of intersection of Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2.

[3]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find the coordinates of the common point of the three planes when a=1a=1.

[1]
Write your answer here...
B

Determine the value of aa for which the three planes have no common point. Justify your answer.

[4]
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C

For a=1a=1, find the acute angle between Π2\Pi_2 and Π3\Pi_3.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 53
HL • Paper 2
Hard
Calculator Permitted

A triangular solar panel has vertices A(0,0,2)A(0,0,2), B(4,1,3)B(4,1,3) and C(1,5,6)C(1,5,6). A vertical support cable passes through the point D(2,2,0)D(2,2,0) and is parallel to the zz-axis.

A sloping triangular panel with vertices A, B and C in 3D, and a vertical cable rising from a floor point D toward the panel. The diagram should indicate the horizontal floor but omit the cable endpoint and any intersection point, so it does not reveal whether the cable meets the triangular region.
A
I.

Find a normal vector to the plane of the panel.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find the area of the triangular panel.

[2]
Write your answer here...
III.

Find a Cartesian equation of the plane of the panel.

[1]
Write your answer here...
B

Find the height at which the vertical cable meets the plane of the panel.

[2]
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C

Determine whether the cable meets the triangular panel itself, rather than only the plane containing it.

[2]
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D

Find the acute angle between the panel and the horizontal plane z=0z=0.

[2]
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0

Question 54
HL • Paper 2
Hard
Calculator Permitted

A tunnel is modelled by the line

Lm:r=(m10)+t(1m2)L_m:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}m\\1\\0\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}1\\m\\2\end{pmatrix}

where mRm\in\mathbb{R}. A fault plane is modelled by

Π:2xy+z=4\Pi:2x-y+z=4
A
I.

Find the value of mm for which LmL_m is parallel to Π\Pi.

[2]
Write your answer here...
II.

For this value of mm, determine whether LmL_m lies in Π\Pi or is parallel and distinct from Π\Pi.

[2]
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B

Find the value of mm for which LmL_m intersects Π\Pi when t=1t=1. Hence find the point of intersection for this value of mm.

[3]
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C

For m=1m=1, find the acute angle between LmL_m and Π\Pi.

[2]
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D

Find all values of mm for which the acute angle between LmL_m and Π\Pi is 2020^\circ.

[3]
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0

Question 55
HL • Paper 3
Hard
Calculator Permitted

Two signal directions in a three-dimensional tracking device are represented by

u=(312),v=(142)\mathbf{u}=\begin{pmatrix}3\\-1\\2\end{pmatrix},\qquad \mathbf{v}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\4\\-2\end{pmatrix}

A third adjustable direction is given by d=(1k2)\mathbf{d}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\k\\2\end{pmatrix}, where kRk\in\mathbb{R}.

A schematic three-dimensional axes diagram with three arrows from the origin labelled u, v and d. No curved adjustment marker or component-direction cue is shown; the adjustable component is the second (y) component, as specified in the stem. No numerical angle values are shown.
A
I.

Find the angle between u\mathbf{u} and v\mathbf{v}.

[3]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find the vector projection of v\mathbf{v} onto u\mathbf{u}.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B
I.

Find kk if d\mathbf{d} is perpendicular to u+v\mathbf{u}+\mathbf{v}.

[2]
Write your answer here...
C

The value of kk is now allowed to vary.

I.

Determine the value of kk for which the acute angle between d\mathbf{d} and u\mathbf{u} is a minimum.

[4]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find this minimum acute angle. If you did not obtain k=57k=-\frac{5}{7}, use this value.

[1]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 56
HL • Paper 3
Hard
Calculator Permitted

A light ray travels along the line

L:r=(501)+t(212),tRL:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}5\\0\\1\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}-2\\1\\2\end{pmatrix},\qquad t\in\mathbb{R}

and reflects from the plane mirror

Π:x+2y2z=6\Pi:x+2y-2z=6
A three-dimensional diagram showing a plane mirror labelled Pi and an incoming ray labelled L meeting the plane. A normal vector to the plane is drawn at the point of contact, and a reflected ray is indicated without numerical labels.
A
I.

Find the point at which the ray meets the plane.

[3]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find the acute angle between the incoming ray and the plane.

[3]
Write your answer here...
B

The reflected direction is obtained by reversing the component of the incoming direction parallel to the normal vector of the mirror.

I.

Find a direction vector for the reflected ray.

[4]
Write your answer here...
II.

Write down a vector equation of the reflected ray.

[2]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 57
HL • Paper 3
Hard
Calculator Permitted

Two straight support cables are modelled by the following two lines

L1:r=(012)+λ(121)L_1:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}0\\1\\2\end{pmatrix}+\lambda\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\1\end{pmatrix} L2:r=(310)+μ(211)L_2:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}3\\-1\\0\end{pmatrix}+\mu\begin{pmatrix}2\\1\\-1\end{pmatrix}
A three-dimensional diagram showing two straight lines labelled $L_1$ and $L_2$. A shortest connecting segment $PQ$ is drawn perpendicular to both lines.
A
I.

Show that the two lines are skew.

[3]
Write your answer here...
II.

Find a unit vector perpendicular to both lines.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B
I.

Find the shortest distance between the two lines.

[3]
Write your answer here...
C

Let PP be the point on L1L_1 and QQ the point on L2L_2 such that PQPQ is the shortest connecting segment.

I.

Find the coordinates of PP and QQ.

[5]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 58
HL • Paper 3
Hard
Calculator Permitted

A tetrahedral frame has vertices A(1,0,0)A(1,0,0), B(3,2,1)B(3,2,1), C(0,4,2)C(0,4,2) and D(2,1,h)D(2,-1,h), where hRh\in\mathbb{R} and h12h\ne-\frac{1}{2}.

A three-dimensional diagram of tetrahedron ABCD with coordinate axes. The vertex $D(2,-1,h)$ is shown moving parallel to the $z$-axis. Do not draw a height or perpendicular arrow from D to face $ABC$; $h$ labels the $z$-coordinate only. Face $ABC$ is shaded.
A
A.

Find AC×AD\vec{AC}\times\vec{AD} in terms of hh.

[3]
Write your answer here...
B.

Show that the volume VV of the tetrahedron is 10h+56\frac{|10h+5|}{6}.

[2]
Write your answer here...
B
C.

Find the values of hh for which the volume is 55 cubic units.

[3]
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C
D.

Determine the value of hh for which the faces ABCABC and ABDABD are perpendicular.

[4]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 59
HL • Paper 3
Hard
Calculator Permitted

A triangular landing panel has vertices A(0,0,0)A(0,0,0), B(6,0,2)B(6,0,2) and C(2,5,1)C(2,5,1). A probe travels along the line

r=(128)+t(113),t0\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\\8\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}1\\-1\\-3\end{pmatrix},\qquad t\geq 0
A three-dimensional diagram showing the triangular panel ABC in its plane and a straight probe path. The intersection point $P=\left(\frac{162}{49},-\frac{15}{49},\frac{53}{49}\right)$ is shown on the plane but outside the triangular panel, on the side of $AB$ opposite $C$, with the edges $AB$, $BC$ and $CA$ labelled.
A
I.

Find a Cartesian equation of the plane containing the triangular panel.

[3]
Write your answer here...
B
I.

Find the point where the probe path meets the plane.

[3]
Write your answer here...
II.

Determine whether this point lies inside the triangular panel.

[3]
Write your answer here...
C

second probe travels in the same direction as the first probe, starting from (1,q,8)(1,q,8), where qq is a real constant. Its path is

r=(1q8)+t(113),t0\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\q\\8\end{pmatrix}+t\begin{pmatrix}1\\-1\\-3\end{pmatrix},\qquad t\geq 0
I.

Find qq so that the second probe hits the side ABAB of the triangular panel.

[4]
Write your answer here...

0

Question 60
HL • Paper 3
Hard
Calculator Permitted

Two planes are given by

Π1:2xy+2z=3\Pi_1:2x-y+2z=3 Π2:x+2y2z=1\Pi_2:x+2y-2z=-1

A moving point lies on the line

L:r=(102)+s(211),sRL:\mathbf{r}=\begin{pmatrix}1\\0\\2\end{pmatrix}+s\begin{pmatrix}2\\-1\\1\end{pmatrix},\qquad s\in\mathbb{R}
A three-dimensional diagram showing two intersecting planes, labelled exactly once as $\Pi_1:2x-y+2z=3$ and $\Pi_2:x+2y-2z=-1$, and a line $L$ crossing the region between them. Each leader line points to the corresponding plane, with no duplicate $\Pi_2$ annotation. Two angle-bisector planes are indicated faintly as surfaces on which points are equidistant from $\Pi_1$ and $\Pi_2$.
A
A.

Show that the distances from a point on LL to Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2 are 3+7s3\frac{|3+7s|}{3} and 2+2s3\frac{|2+2s|}{3} respectively.

[3]
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B
B.

Find the points on LL which are equidistant from Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2.

[3]
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C
CI.

Find Cartesian equations of the two planes whose points are equidistant from Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2.

[3]
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CII.

Find the acute angle between Π1\Pi_1 and Π2\Pi_2.

[3]
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Trigonometric Functions