Question 1
Refer to the map, which illustrates spatial variations in water withdrawals.
Describe the distribution of large irrigation withdrawals within the western United States, referring to two areas.
[2]
Suggest two physical reasons, other than rainfall, why the amount of water withdrawn for irrigation varies between places.
[4]
Explain two reasons why individuals living in the same country may have different ecological footprints.
[4]
Question 2
Refer to the map, which illustrates the relative importance of different uses of water.
State the water-withdrawal category that is especially prominent in each of the following areas: the eastern United States; the western United States.
[2]
Explain two ways in which water is used in energy production.
[4]
Explain two reasons why progress towards poverty reduction has been uneven between world regions.
[4]
Question 3
Refer to the infographic, which illustrates the relationship between agricultural land allocation and global food supply.
I.
State the percentage of agricultural land allocated to livestock, including land used to grow animal feed.
[1]
II.
State the percentage of global calorie supply provided by meat and dairy.
[1]
Suggest one way in which the presentation of the agricultural land and food-supply data could be improved to make comparisons easier.
[2]
To what extent does the evidence in the infographic support the view that livestock production is an inefficient use of agricultural land?
[6]
Question 4
Refer to the infographic, which illustrates the contributions of different food sources to global resource use and nutrition.
I.
State the percentage of global protein supply provided by meat and dairy.
[1]
II.
Identify the agricultural land-use category that includes arable land used for animal-feed production.
[1]
Suggest one limitation of using the infographic to compare food consumption between countries.
[2]
To what extent does the evidence in the infographic support the view that meat and dairy are of little importance to global food supply?
[6]
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Question 5
“Reducing poverty inevitably increases global resource consumption.” To what extent is this statement valid?
[10]
Question 6
“An ecological footprint is the most useful measure for comparing resource consumption between countries.” To what extent is this claim justified?
[10]
Question 7
“National ecological footprints conceal more about consumption than they reveal.” To what extent is this statement valid?
[10]
Question 8
“Rising incomes influence changes in resource demand more strongly than population growth.” To what extent is this claim valid?
[10]
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Question 9
“Changing diets in middle-income countries are the principal cause of increasing pressure on global land and water resources.” To what extent is this claim valid?
[10]
Question 10
“Growth in total energy demand is more significant than changes in the energy mix.” To what extent is this statement valid?
[10]
Question 11
“International trade improves resource availability for consumers only by transferring environmental pressure to producers.” To what extent is this statement valid?
[10]
Question 12
“The location of consumption is no longer a reliable guide to the location of resource pressure.” To what extent is this statement valid?
[10]
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