Question 1
Refer to the graph, which illustrates differences in the incidence of slum housing.
Identify the countries with the highest and lowest percentages of their urban populations living in slums.
[2]
Outline one way inadequate sanitation can contribute to deprivation in slum settlements.
[2]
Explain two reasons why informal industrial activity develops in urban areas.
[6]
Question 2
Refer to the diagram, which illustrates a model of the arrangement of urban land uses.
Identify the letter of the outermost zone and state one visible characteristic of its house symbol.
[2]
Outline one reason why housing on large plots may develop towards the edge of a city.
[2]
Explain how each of the following can influence the pattern of residential areas in a city: ethnicity; planning.
[6]
Question 3
Refer to the graph, which illustrates variations in urban housing deprivation.
Describe the differences in the percentages shown for Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania and Uganda.
[2]
Outline one reason why high formal housing costs can increase the incidence of slum housing.
[2]
Explain two reasons why poverty can persist in cities with wealthy urban economies.
[6]
Question 4
Refer to the diagram, which illustrates the spatial relationship between residential and industrial land uses.
I.
Identify the lettered zone immediately outside the zone represented by the factory symbol.
[1]
II.
Identify the lettered zone represented by the pale house between the small dark house and the large landscaped house.
[1]
Outline one disadvantage for residents of living close to industrial land uses.
[2]
Explain how each of the following can influence the location of industrial activity within a city: physical factors; land values.
[6]
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Question 5
To what extent does an urban settlement’s site constrain its land uses as it grows?
[10]
Question 6
Examine how planned and spontaneous growth produce contrasting characteristics within urban areas.
[10]
Question 7
Evaluate the influence of planning compared with land values on the distribution of retail and industrial activities within cities.
[10]
Question 8
Examine how ethnicity and housing affordability interact to produce residential clustering within cities.
[10]
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Question 9
To what extent does a wealthier urban economy ensure lower levels of poverty and deprivation?
[10]
Question 10
To what extent does the incidence of informal housing indicate the level of deprivation in urban areas?
[10]
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