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A particle moves along a straight line. Its displacement metres from the origin at time seconds is given by
Find expressions for the velocity and acceleration of the particle.
Find the times at which the particle is instantaneously at rest.
Find the acceleration of the particle at the first instant when it is at rest.
The acceleration of a moving object is . Initially, its velocity is and its displacement is .
Find an expression for the velocity .
Find an expression for the displacement .
Find the displacement of the object after seconds.
The position of an object moving along a straight line is modelled by
where is measured in metres and in seconds.
Find and .
Find the first time after when the object is instantaneously at rest.
The velocity-time graph of a cyclist is formed by straight-line segments joining the points , , , and , where time is measured in seconds and velocity in .
Find the cyclist's acceleration during the first seconds.
Find the cyclist's displacement during the seconds.
Find the total distance travelled during the seconds.
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The velocity of a delivery robot moving along a straight corridor is given by
where is measured in .
Find the times at which the robot changes direction.
Find the displacement of the robot during the first seconds.
Find the total distance travelled during the first seconds.
An object has initial velocity . Its acceleration is
Find the velocity of the object at and at .
Find the displacement of the object from to .
Determine when the object changes direction for .
The velocity of a particle moving along a straight line is
where is measured in .
Find the times at which the particle changes direction.
Find the displacement of the particle during the first seconds.
Find the total distance travelled by the particle during the first seconds.
A particle moves in the positive direction along a straight line. Its velocity is related to its displacement by
At , the particle is at .
Find the acceleration of the particle.
Find the speed of the particle when .
Find the time taken for the particle to travel from to .
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A particle moves along a straight line with velocity
where is measured in .
Find an expression for the acceleration of the particle.
Find the time at which the velocity is greatest and state this greatest velocity.
Find the exact distance travelled during the first seconds.
A particle starts at the origin and moves along a straight line with velocity
Determine the first time after when the particle returns to the origin.
Find the total distance travelled before the particle first returns to the origin.
The velocity of a particle is
Find an expression for the acceleration of the particle.
Determine the intervals during which the particle is speeding up.
Explain why the particle does not change direction at .
The displacement of a particle from an origin is
where is measured in metres.
Find the times in the interval when the particle is instantaneously at rest.
Find the greatest displacement of the particle from the origin during the interval.
Find the total distance travelled during the interval.
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A particle moves along a straight line with velocity
where is measured in seconds and is measured in ; the polynomial uses the numerical value of , and is a dimensionless constant. The particle changes direction at .
Find the value of .
Find the other time at which the particle changes direction.
Find the total distance travelled during the first seconds.
The displacement of a buoy moving vertically is modelled by
where is measured in metres and in seconds.
Find expressions for the velocity and acceleration of the buoy.
Find the first time after when the buoy is instantaneously at rest.
Find the total distance travelled by the buoy during the seconds.
A train moves along a straight track. Its acceleration depends on its displacement according to
When , its speed is and it is moving in the positive direction.
Show that the speed satisfies .
Hence find the displacement at which the train first comes to rest.
A particle moves along a straight line with velocity
Here, is measured in seconds and is measured in .
Find all the times at which the particle is instantaneously at rest.
Determine which of these times corresponds to a change of direction. Justify your answer.
Find the total distance travelled by the particle during the seconds.
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A shuttle moves along a straight track. Its velocity at time seconds is given by
where velocity is measured in . Initially, the shuttle is metres from an origin . Take the positive direction to be away from , and let be the signed position relative to , so that .
Find an expression for the acceleration of the shuttle.
Determine the times at which the shuttle changes direction.
Find the total distance travelled and the greatest displacement of the shuttle from during the interval.
A cart moves along a straight test track with acceleration
where . At , its velocity is and its displacement is .
Find the velocity of the cart at time .
Find the displacement of the cart at time .
Determine the minimum speed of the cart during the first seconds and the total distance it travels during this interval.
Two automated carts, and , move along the same straight rail. Their displacements from an origin at time seconds are
where displacement is measured in metres.
Find the velocity and acceleration of each cart.
Find the first time at which the carts meet.
Find the total distance travelled by the two carts before they meet and their relative speed at the meeting time.
A drone moves horizontally in the positive direction. Its velocity is related to its displacement by
At , the drone is at .
Using , find the acceleration in terms of .
Find the acceleration when .
Find the time taken for the drone to reach and its average speed during this journey.
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The horizontal position of a sensor attached to a machine is modelled by
where is measured in metres and in seconds.
Find .
Find .
Determine the first time after when the sensor is instantaneously at rest. Find its position and state whether this position is a local maximum or a local minimum.
An elevator moves vertically, with upward taken as positive. Its velocity is
where velocity is measured in . At , the elevator is metres above a reference level.
Find the acceleration and the times when the elevator changes direction.
Find the elevator's displacement from the reference level at .
Find the total distance travelled by the elevator and its greatest height above the reference level during the interval.
A particle has acceleration
Initially, its velocity is and its displacement is metres.
Find an expression for the velocity.
Determine the times when the particle changes direction.
Find the total distance travelled and the greatest displacement from the origin during the interval.
Two runners, and , move in the positive direction along a straight path. At , runner is at the origin and runner is metres ahead. Runner has velocity , while runner runs at a constant velocity of .
Find expressions for the displacement of each runner from the origin.
Find the time when runner first catches runner .
After runner passes runner , determine when the runners are first metres apart. Find their relative speed at this time.
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A camera drone moves along a straight tunnel. Its displacement from the tunnel entrance is modelled by
where is measured in metres, is measured in seconds and .
Consider the velocity and direction of motion of the drone.
Find an expression for the velocity of the drone.
Determine the times at which the drone changes direction.
Find the displacement of the drone from its starting point after seconds.
Hence find the total distance travelled by the drone during the seconds.
The velocity of a ferry moving towards and away from a terminal is modelled by
where is measured in and . Positive velocity represents motion towards the terminal.
Consider the intersections of the velocity graph with the time axis.
Find the two times at which the ferry is instantaneously at rest.
State the interval during which the ferry moves towards the terminal.
Find the net displacement of the ferry over the seconds and interpret its sign.
Find the total distance travelled by the ferry during the seconds.
The velocity of an experimental racing vehicle is modelled by
where is measured in .
Consider the acceleration of the vehicle.
Show that
Find the time at which the vehicle reaches its greatest velocity.
Find the greatest velocity of the vehicle.
Find the total distance travelled during the seconds.
A ball is projected vertically upwards from a platform. Taking upwards as positive, its acceleration is modelled by
Initially, the ball has velocity and displacement .
Find the velocity and displacement models.
Find .
Find .
Find the greatest height reached above the platform.
Find the speed of the ball when it first returns to the level of the platform.
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The velocity of a solar-powered cart was recorded during a test. A quadratic regression model is to be used for the data.
t [s] | v [m s^-1] |
|---|---|
0 | 1 |
2 | 5 |
4 | 7.4 |
6 | 8.2 |
8 | 7.4 |
10 | 5 |
Use the velocity data to construct and analyze a quadratic model.
Find the quadratic regression equation in the form .
Use the model to find the maximum velocity and the time at which it occurs.
Assuming the model continues to apply, find the first time after at which the cart comes to rest and the total distance travelled by then.
Give one reason why the stopping prediction in part (b) should be treated with caution.
A particle moves along a straight line with velocity
for . Initially, its displacement from an origin is metres.
Find the acceleration and the times when the particle is instantaneously at rest.
Determine the intervals during which the particle is speeding up.
Find the total distance travelled and the greatest displacement from the origin during the interval.
A particle starts at an origin and moves along a straight line. Its velocity is modelled by
where . The particle first comes to rest at .
Here, is the numerical time in seconds, and are measured in , and displacement is measured in metres.
Find the value of .
Find the acceleration at and explain why the particle changes direction at this time.
Determine the first time after when the particle returns to the origin and find the total distance travelled by then.
The velocity of a maintenance vehicle is modelled by
where is measured in . The vehicle starts at displacement .
Find the two times when the vehicle is instantaneously at rest.
State the direction of motion on each of the three resulting time intervals.
Find the net displacement and the total distance travelled during the interval.
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A particle moves along a straight line with velocity
where is measured in seconds and is measured in metres per second.
Find the acceleration of the particle.
Determine when the particle changes direction.
Find the maximum speed and the total distance travelled during the interval.
A boat moves along a straight channel. Its acceleration is
where acceleration is measured in . Initially, the boat's velocity is .
Find a piecewise expression for the velocity.
Determine the times when the boat changes direction.
Find the displacement and the total distance travelled during the first seconds.
The position of a robotic arm along a straight guide is modelled by
where is measured in seconds, angles are in radians, and is measured in metres.
Find the velocity and acceleration.
Find the times at which the position is stationary and classify each stationary position.
Find the total distance travelled by the robotic arm during the interval.
A capsule moves in the positive direction along a straight tunnel. Its speed and displacement satisfy
Initially, .
Show that the acceleration is .
Find the displacement at which the speed is greatest and state this greatest speed.
Determine the displacement at which the capsule first comes to rest and the time taken to reach this displacement.
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A test vehicle moves in the positive direction along a straight track. Its acceleration depends on its displacement according to
At , the vehicle has speed .
Use the relationship between acceleration, velocity and displacement.
Show that the velocity satisfies .
Find the greatest speed attained before the vehicle first comes to rest.
Find the displacement at which the vehicle first comes to rest.
Find the time taken for the vehicle to reach this displacement.
During a braking test, the acceleration of a car is related to its velocity by
At , the car passes a marker with velocity and displacement .
Consider the velocity and displacement during braking.
Verify that satisfies the acceleration model and the initial condition.
Find an expression for .
Safety regulations define the car as effectively stopped when its speed first reaches . Find the distance travelled by this time.
Explain why the model does not predict a finite time at which the car is completely at rest.
A capsule moves along a straight evacuation tube. Its velocity depends on its displacement according to
where is measured in metres and in .
Consider the capsule's acceleration and travel time.
Show that the acceleration is .
Find the time taken to travel the first metres.
Find the displacement at which the speed is half its initial value.
The speed is to fall to a fraction , where , of its initial value. Obtain an expression for the required displacement and explain how it changes as decreases.
An elevator undergoes a six-second acceleration phase. Its acceleration is modelled by
The elevator starts from rest and has velocity at .
Determine the parameter and the resulting velocity.
Find the value of .
Find an expression for .
Find the distance travelled during the acceleration phase.
For a general acceleration phase of duration , where , suppose , the elevator starts from rest and reaches velocity at time . Show that the distance travelled is .
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A magnetic transport pod moves in the positive direction. Its acceleration depends on its displacement according to
At , its speed is .
Use to investigate the motion.
Show that .
Find the speed when .
Find the displacement at which the pod first reaches a speed of .
Explain how the pod can continue to speed up even though its acceleration decreases as increases.
A maintenance shuttle moves along a straight rail. Its acceleration during an eight-second control cycle is
Initially, its velocity is and its displacement is zero.
Find the velocity and the reversal time.
Find an expression for .
Find the time at which the shuttle changes direction.
Find the displacement of the shuttle during the control cycle.
Find the total distance travelled during the control cycle.
A robotic cart has velocity
where is the numerical time in seconds, is measured in , and is a positive numerical constant.
First consider the case .
Find the times at which the cart changes direction.
Find the total distance travelled during the first seconds.
Determine the value of for which the cart is instantaneously at rest once but does not change direction.
Deduce the range of values of for which the cart changes direction twice for .
A delivery pod travels along a straight underground route. Its velocity is modelled by
where is measured in .
Consider the direction of travel of the pod.
Find the times at which the pod changes direction.
Find the proportion of the seconds during which the pod moves in the positive direction.
Find the displacement of the pod during the seconds.
Find the total distance travelled during the seconds.
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A vehicle moves along a straight road in the positive direction. During braking, its acceleration depends on its displacement from the point where braking begins according to
At , the vehicle's speed is .
Show that the speed satisfies .
Find the stopping distance and the magnitude of the acceleration when the vehicle stops.
Find the time taken for the vehicle to stop.
Two autonomous vehicles, and , move along the same straight test track. At , vehicle is at the origin and vehicle is metres ahead. Their velocities are
Initially, both vehicles move in the positive direction.
For part (a)(i), leave the initial separation as . For part (a)(ii), take m.
Find expressions for the positions and .
Find the first time at which catches .
For this part, take m. Find the velocity of each vehicle at the first meeting and state which vehicle is moving faster.
The initial separation is changed from metres to metres. Find the greatest value of for which catches at least once.
A carriage moves in the positive direction along a straight track. Its velocity is related to its displacement by
where is measured in metres.
Investigate the acceleration and speed of the carriage.
Show that the acceleration is .
Find the maximum speed of the carriage.
Find the time taken for the carriage to travel from to .
Determine whether the carriage spends more time accelerating or decelerating before reaching . Justify your answer.
A moving platform has velocity
where is measured in and is measured in seconds. The argument of the cosine is in radians, and over one period .
Consider the platform's motion over one period.
Find the times at which the platform changes direction.
Find the displacement over one period.
Find the exact total distance travelled during the period.
A general platform has velocity , where . Let . Show that its total distance over one period is
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