The student uses correct mathematical notation, symbols, and terminology consistently throughout the IA, particularly in presenting equations for modular arithmetic and operations involving elliptic curves. Key terms and variables are defined and explained when first introduced, ensuring clarity for the reader. The introduction effectively outlines the main concepts, such as elliptic curve cryptography and modular arithmetic, while additional terms are defined in detail as the exploration develops. The student employs multiple forms of mathematical representation appropriately, and all mathematical calculations are thoroughly explained, with the degree of accuracy stated for any rounded values. Results are rounded only at the end of calculations, and all graphs, tables, and diagrams are correctly labeled, enhancing the overall presentation of the work.