The student clearly stated an appropriate and specific question for the historical investigation, focusing on the Franco-Russian Alliance of 1894 and its implications. The question is well-defined, with a clear scope that includes relevant dates, historical figures, and events. The student selected appropriate and relevant sources, including both a primary source, the text of the alliance, and a secondary source, a journal article that provides historical context. Furthermore, the student effectively explained the relevance, nature, and limitations of these sources, demonstrating a thorough understanding of their values and potential biases. Overall, the student has successfully met all subcriteria related to the formulation and analysis of the historical investigation.