The student has effectively identified sustainability as the key concept and incorporated it throughout the IA, aligning with the requirements. The research question evaluates Zara's product development strategy and its impact on sustainability, providing a backward-looking approach. The IA maintains a clear focus on Zara, effectively connecting broader industry issues to Zara's impact. The sustainability challenges faced by Zara are well-aligned with syllabus topics, and the IA provides detailed background information about Zara, effectively outlining its sustainability challenges and methodology. Throughout the IA, the student consistently links sustainability to Zara's operations, demonstrating their efforts and challenges in improving sustainability.