The student managed to receive the maximum number of points in this criterion - good job! The student's essay accurately reflects the aim of the investigation in the title, which is presented as a statement of an appropriate length. Additionally, the essay establishes the context of the research question early on and outlines the relevant physics principles with appropriate diagrams. The formal development of the theory is well-structured, and the research question is centered purely on physics. The student effectively addresses the research question by demonstrating a clear rationale for their chosen experimental methods and considering uncertainties and limitations. Moreover, the student's planning includes relevant physics theory based on reliable sources.