The student's understanding of the mathematics associated with the selected topic is evident, as there is no mathematics included that is not directly relevant to the research. The calculation processes are explicitly and logically developed throughout the essay. Additionally, the student states subject-specific terms alongside a clear explanation, demonstrating their knowledge and understanding of the topic. The essay communicates the included mathematics clearly, and the student conducts appropriate mathematical operations, including showing all steps of the mathematical operations and transformations for easy understanding. However, there are areas for improvement in knowledgeably referencing sources and ensuring that the essay can be understood by individuals with varying levels of subject knowledge.