The student effectively establishes the aim of the investigation, which focuses on the effects of background music on cognitive performance, making it clear to the reader. The relevance of the topic is well explained, linking background music to cognitive tasks and emphasizing its importance for students, while the connection to Baron’s distraction-conflict theory is clearly presented, supported by relevant studies. However, the student fails to define all topic-specific terminology adequately and does not clearly identify the independent variable, which lacks precision. The dependent variable is correctly identified, and while the null hypothesis is stated, it does not include both variables with sufficient clarity.
